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首页> 外文期刊>Current Microbiology: An International Journal >Microbial Contamination of Smartphone Touchscreens of Italian University Students
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Microbial Contamination of Smartphone Touchscreens of Italian University Students

机译：意大利大学生智能手机触摸屏的微生物污染

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In this study, the microbial contamination of smartphones from Italian University students was analyzed. A total of 100 smartphones classified as low, medium, and high emission were examined. Bacteria were isolated on elective and selective media and identified by biochemical tests. The mean values of cfu/cm(2) were 0.79 +/- 0.01; in particular, a mean of 1.21 +/- 0.12, 0.77 +/- 0.1 and 0.40 +/- 0.10 cfu/cm(2) was present on smartphones at low, medium, and high emission, respectively. The vast majority of identified microorganisms came from human skin, mainly Staphylococci, together with Gram-negative and positive bacilli and yeasts. Moreover, the main isolated species and their mixture were exposed for 3 h to turned on and off smartphones to evaluate the effect of the electromagnetic wave emission on the bacterial cultivability, viability, morphology, and genotypic profile in respect to the unexposed broth cultures. A reduction rate of bacterial growth of 79 and 46% was observed in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis broth cultures, respectively, in the presence of turned on smartphone. No differences in viability were observed in all detected conditions. Small colony variants and some differences in DNA fingerprinting were detected on bacteria when the smartphones were turned on in respect to the other conditions. The colonization of smartphones was limited to human skin microorganisms that can acquire phenotype and genotypic modifications when exposed to microwave emissions.
机译：在这项研究中，分析了意大利大学生智能手机的微生物污染。检查了100种智能手机，归类为低，培养基和高排放量。细菌被分离出一种选择性和选择性培养基并通过生化试验鉴定。 CFU / cm（2）的平均值为0.79 +/- 0.01;特别是，在低，培养基和高排放的智能手机上存在1.21 +/- 0.12,0.77 +/- 0.1和0.40 +/- 0.10cfu / cm（2）的平均值。绝大多数鉴定的微生物来自人体皮肤，主要是葡萄球菌，以及革兰氏阴性和阳性杆菌和酵母。此外，将主要的孤立物种及其混合物暴露3小时，打开和关闭智能手机，以评估电磁波排放对细菌培养性，生存能力，形态和基因型曲线的影响，相对于未曝光的肉汤培养物。在转动智能手机的情况下，分别在葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌的葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌的葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌的葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌的增长率降低。在所有检测到的条件下，没有观察到活力的差异。当智能手机接通到其他条件时，在细菌上检测到小菌落变体和某些DNA指纹识别差异。智能手机的定植仅限于人体皮肤微生物，当暴露于微波排放时，可以获得表型和基因型修饰。

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