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Trained immunity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

机译：训练有素的免疫和动脉粥样硬化心血管疾病

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Purpose of review The two major challenges in cardiovascular medicine are to refine risk prediction and to improve pharmacological prevention and treatment. The concept of innate immune memory, which is called trained immunity, has the potential to improve clinical practice in these regards. Recent findings Monocytes and macrophages have the capability to develop a long-term proinflammatory and proatherogenic phenotype after brief exposure to inflammatory stimuli, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein particles. This innate immune memory develops because of rewiring of intracellular metabolic pathways and epigenetic reprogramming of histone modifications. The persistence of circulating hyperresponsive monocytes in vivo is explained by the fact that training occurs in myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Several recent studies reported the presence of monocytes with a trained immune phenotype in patients with established atherosclerosis, and in patients with an increased risk for atherosclerosis because of dyslipoproteinemia.
机译：审查心血管医学的两个主要挑战是改进风险预测，提高药理学预防和治疗。被子免疫记忆的概念称为训练有素的免疫力，有可能在这些方面提高临床实践。最近的发现单核细胞和巨噬细胞具有在短暂暴露于炎症刺激之后开发长期促炎和后培发表型的能力，例如氧化低密度脂蛋白颗粒。这种天生的免疫记忆，由于细胞内代谢途径的重新灌注和组蛋白修饰的表观遗传重新编程。通过在骨髓中骨髓祖细胞中发生培训发生的事实，解释了体内循环高反应性单核细胞的持续性。最近的几项研究报告说，在患有患有动脉粥样硬化的患者中，患有训练有素的免疫表型的单核细胞的存在，并且由于腹膜药蛋白血症而导致动脉粥样硬化风险增加。

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