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Comparison of road surveys and circuit theory to predict hotspot locations for implementing road-effect mitigation

机译：道路调查与电路理论的比较预测实施道路效应缓解的热点位置

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The mitigation of road-effects on wildlife, especially road mortality and habitat fragmentation, has become increasingly common in the last 20 years. However, exclusion fencing and habitat connectivity structures can be very costly and several questions remain regarding how to best determine locations that will optimize mitigation success. Based on data collected across several years and across multiple landscapes and taxa, we present a comparative analysis of two methods: road surveys and circuit theory, and review their benefits and challenges to better inform decision making. Road surveys were completed in two locations over three years for large mammals and herpetofauna to identify road crossing hotspots. Circuit theory was also applied to these systems to identify crossing hotspots using habitat resistance models. The location, number and width of hotspots were compared between methods. Hotspot distributions were similar between methods for some herpetofauna, but different for Mammals, and road surveys produced a significantly greater number of smaller hotspots compared to circuit theory, implying that road surveys provide better hotspot resolution. As circuit model complexity increased, the number and width of hotspots decreased, diffusing across the landscape. Road surveys were better at predicting optimal crossing structure location at a local scale; however, circuit theory is less costly, and can be useful at large scales. As both methods can offer valuable information, we argue that the combination of these two approaches provides a strong basis for managers and biologists to make informed decisions about costly mitigation measures, optimizing both conservation benefits and limited funding.
机译：对野生动物的道路影响，尤其是道路死亡率和栖息地破碎的缓解，在过去的20年里变得越来越普遍。然而，排除围栏和栖息地连接结构可能非常昂贵，并且仍然有关如何最好地确定将优化缓解成功的地点。基于几年内收集的数据以及跨多种景观和分类群，我们对两种方法进行了比较分析：道路调查和电路理论，并审查了他们的利益和挑战，以更好地通知决策。道路调查在大型哺乳动物和赫特弗劳纳纳的三年内完成了两个地点，以确定道路交叉热点。电路理论也应用于这些系统，以使用栖息地抵抗模型来识别交叉热点。在方法之间比较热点的位置，数量和宽度。对于一些仇敌的方法，热点分布类似，但对于哺乳动物而言，不同的道路调查与电路理论相比产生了更大数量的较小热点，这意味着道路调查提供更好的热点分辨率。随着电路模型复杂性的增加，热点的数量和宽度降低，横跨景观。道路调查更好地预测在当地规模的最佳交叉结构位置;然而，电路理论较低，并且可以在大尺度上有用。由于两种方法都可以提供有价值的信息，我们认为这两种方法的结合为管理人员和生物学家提供了强有力的基础，以了解了有关昂贵的缓解措施的知情决策，优化了保护福利和有限的资金。

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