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Dissociation of circadian activity and singing behavior from gene expression rhythms in the hypothalamus, song control nuclei and cerebellum in diurnal zebra finches

机译:浅析昼夜组织节奏的昼夜活动和歌唱行为在昼夜斑马雀中的基因表达节律

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Under periodic day-night environment, most circadian functions maintain a close phase relationship relative to each other, suggesting a common circadian pacemaker control of different overt rhythms. In birds, this seems highly unlikely, given multioscillatory nature of the circadian pacemaker and downstream generation of several circadian behaviors. We hypothesized the dissociation of overt rhythms from circadian gene oscillations, if the two were loosely coupled, under an aperiodic light condition. We tested this in daily rhythms in singing, activity and clock gene expressions in adult male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) that were born and raised under the constant light (LL; 24L:0D), with controls on an LD cycle (12L: 12D). Particularly, we monitored daily pattern of singing and activity behavior, and measured 24 h mRNA expression of immediate early gene (c-Fos), clock genes (Bmal1, Per2 and Rev-erb beta) and epigenetic marker genes (Dnmt3b and Tet2) in the hypothalamus, and of clock genes and genes coding for the aromatase (Arom), androgen receptor (Ar) and dopamine receptor (Drd2) in the song control nuclei (Area X and HVC) and cerebellum (motor control region). We found persistence of daily rhythms in activity and singing in all birds under LD, but in only 70% (14/20) birds under LL; thus, both behaviors were arrhythmic in 30% (6/20) birds) under LL. The overall song quality was also declined under LL. The clock genes showed daily rhythms in the hypothalamus, song control nuclei (except Per2 in Area X) and cerebellum under LD, although with differences in peak expression times; however, there was loss of rhythmicity in clock genes (except Bmal1 in Area X and HVC) under LL. We also found daily Ar mRNA rhythm in the Area X and cerebellum under LD. These results demonstrate for the first time the persistence of clock gene oscillations in the song control brain regions and show the dissociation of circadian behavior from genetic oscillations in relation to an
机译:在周期性的日夜环境下,大多数昼夜函数相对于彼此保持密切相位关系,这表明了一种对不同明显节奏的共同的昼夜节奏控制。在鸟类中,鉴于昼夜昼夜活动的昼夜振动性质和几个昼夜活动的下游生成,这似乎极不可能。如果两者松散地偶联,我们假设来自昼夜性能振荡的明显节律的解离,如果两者松散地偶联。我们在每日节奏中在成年雄性斑马雀(Taeniopygia Guttata)中的每日节奏中,在恒定光(LL; 24L:0D)下,在LD周期上进行了控制(12L:12D )。特别地,我们监测了每日唱歌和活动行为模式,并测量立即早期基因(C-FOS),时钟基因(BMA1,PER2和REV-ERBβ)和表观遗传标记基因(DNMT3B和TET2)的24小时mRNA表达下丘脑,以及歌曲控制核(区域X和HVC)和小脑(电动机控制区域)中的芳香酶(AROM),雄激素受体(AR)和多巴胺受体(DRD2)编码的时钟基因和基因。我们发现在LD下的所有鸟类中的活动和歌曲中的每日节奏的持续存在,但在LL下仅为70%(14/20)鸟类;因此,在LL下,两种行为在30%(6/20)鸟类中是心律失常。 LL的整体歌曲质量也下降。时钟基因在下丘脑中显示每日节奏,歌曲控制核(在区域X中的PER2除外)和LD下的小脑,尽管具有峰值表达时间的差异;然而,在LL下存在钟表基因(BMA11和HVC中的BMA1和HVC除外)的节律程度。我们还在LD下的区域X和小脑中发现每日AR mRNA节奏。这些结果首次证明了歌曲控制脑区中时钟基因振荡的持续存在,并显示了与遗传振荡相关的昼夜行为的解离

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