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首页> 外文期刊>Abdominal radiology. >'Mushroom cap' sign in deep rectosigmoid endometriosis
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'Mushroom cap' sign in deep rectosigmoid endometriosis

机译：“蘑菇帽”签到深度矫肌子宫内膜异位症

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摘要

The "mushroom cap" is a highly specific sign of deep pelvic endometriosis involving the rectosigmoid wall and is seen on sagittal or axial T2-weighted MR images [1]. Endometriosis is defined by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside of the uterus and it occurs in up to 10% of women of reproductive age. There are three forms of pelvic endometriosis: ovarian endometrioma, superficial peritoneal lesions, and deep or solid infiltrating pelvic endometriosis [2]. Deep pelvic endometriosis is defined by subperitoneal implants of endometrial glands and stroma penetrating more than 5 mm beneath the peritoneal surface, and this form is thought to contribute most often to female infertility and pelvic pain. Sites of involvement include, in order of declining frequency, the rectovaginal septum and uterosacral ligaments, the vagina, intestinal tract, urinary tract, and other extraperitoneal pelvic structures [2]. The solid masses of deep pelvic endometriosis are composed of ectopic endometrial glands surrounded by fibrous tissue and smooth muscle proliferation. At MR images, they appear as T2-hypointense solid irregular masses or soft tissue thickening adjacent to normal T2-hypointense structures, therefore they can be easily overlooked. Sometimes the ectopic endometrial glands within the fibrotic masses are visible as high signal foci on T2- and/or T1- weighted images, facilitating the specific diagnosis of deep pelvic endometriosis [2-4] (Fig. 1).
机译：“蘑菇帽”是深盆腔内膜异位症的高度特异性迹象，涉及矫直物壁，并在矢状或轴向T2加权MR图像上看到[1]。子宫内膜异位症是通过子宫外部的异位子宫内膜组织的存在而定义，它发生在高达10％的生殖年龄妇女中。有三种形式的盆腔内膜异位症：卵巢子宫内膜瘤，肤浅的腹膜病变，深或固体浸润盆腔子宫内膜异位症[2]。深盆腔子宫内膜异位症由子宫内膜腺体和基质的子植物植入物定义，穿透腹膜表面下方超过5mm，并且认为这种形式往往促进雌性不孕症和骨盆疼痛。参与遗址包括下降频率，矫直物隔膜和子宫韧带，阴道，肠道，泌尿道等腹膜骨盆结构[2]。深盆腔子宫内膜异位症的固体群体由纤维组织包围的异位子宫内膜腺体和平滑肌肉增殖组成。在MR图像中，它们表现为T2 - 低对导牢固的质量或软组织加厚，邻近正常的T2 - 低对导结构，因此它们可以容易地忽略。有时，纤维化块内的异位子宫内膜腺体在T2和/或T1-加权图像上以高信号灶可见，促进深盆腔子宫内膜异位症的特异性诊断[2-4]（图1）。

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