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Mapping the kinetochore MAP functions required for stabilizing microtubule attachments to chromosomes during metaphase

机译：在中期期间映射稳定微管附件所需的Kinetochore地图功能

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摘要

In mitosis, faithful chromosome segregation is orchestrated by the dynamic interactions between the spindle microtubules (MTs) emanating from the opposite poles and the kinetochores of the chromosomes. However, the precise mechanism that coordinates the coupling of the kinetochore components to dynamic MTs has been a long-standing question. Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) regulate MT nucleation and dynamics, MT-mediated transport and MT cross-linking in cells. During mitosis, MAPs play an essential role not only in determining spindle length, position, and orientation but also in facilitating robust kinetochore-microtubule (kMT) attachments by linking the kinetochores to spindle MTs efficiently. The stability of MTs imparted by the MAPs is critical to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. This review primarily focuses on the specific function of nonmotor kinetochore MAPs, their recruitment to kinetochores and their MT-binding properties. We also attempt to synthesize and strengthen our understanding of how these MAPs work in coordination with the kinetochore-bound Ndc80 complex (the key component at the MT-binding interface in metaphase and anaphase) to establish stable kMT attachments and control accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis.
机译：在有丝分裂中，通过从相对的杆和染色体的相对杆和运动学散发的主轴微管（MTS）之间的动态相互作用来策划忠实的染色体隔离。然而，协调Kinetochore组件与动态MTS的耦合的精确机制是一个长期存在的问题。微管相关蛋白（MAPS）调节MT成核和动力学，MT介导的传输和MT在细胞中交联。在有丝分裂期间，地图不仅在确定主轴长度，位置和方向上的基本作用，而且在促进鲁棒的Kinetochore-Microotumule（KMT）附件中，通过将动力学连接到高效地纺纱。由地图赋予的MTS的稳定性至关重要，以确保准确的染色体隔离。本综述主要侧重于非热源Kinetochore地图的特定功能，它们对Kinetochores的招募以及它们的MT结合特性。我们还试图综合和加强我们对这些地图如何协调与Kinetochore的NDC80复合物协调（中期的MT结合界面的关键组分）的理解，以建立稳定的KMT附着并控制有丝分裂期间的准确染色体隔离。

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