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首页> 外文期刊>Crystal growth & design >Calcite growth rates as a function of aqueous calcium-to-carbonate ratio, saturation index, and inhibitor concentration: Insight into the mechanism of reaction and poisoning by strontium
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Calcite growth rates as a function of aqueous calcium-to-carbonate ratio, saturation index, and inhibitor concentration: Insight into the mechanism of reaction and poisoning by strontium

机译：方解石的生长速率与含水碳酸钙比，饱和指数和抑制剂浓度的函数关系：洞察锶的反应和中毒机理

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摘要

Using in situ atomic force microscopy, the growth rates of the obtuse and acute step orientations on the {101?4} calcite surface were measured at two saturation indices as a function of the aqueous calcium-to-carbonate ratio and aqueous strontium concentration. The amount of strontium required to inhibit growth was found to correlate with the aqueous calcium concentration, but did not correlate with carbonate, suggesting that strontium inhibits attachment of calcium ions to reactive sites on the calcite surface. Strontium/calcium cation exchange selectivity coefficients, K _(ex), are estimated at 1.09 ± 0.09 and 1.44 ± 0.19 for reactive sites on the obtuse and acute step orientations, respectively. The implication of this work is that, to avoid poisoning calcite growth, the concentration of calcium should be higher than the quotient of the strontium concentration and K _(ex), regardless of the saturation index. Previous analytical models of nucleation of kink sites on steps are expanded to include growth rates at multiple saturation indices and the effect of strontium. The rate constants for calcium attachment are found to be similar for the two step orientations, but those of carbonate vary significantly. This work will have implications for natural or engineered calcite growth, such as to sequester subsurface strontium contamination.
机译：使用原位原子力显微镜，在两个饱和指数下测量{101→4}方解石表面钝角和锐阶取向的生长速率，这是含水钙碳酸盐比率和含水锶浓度的函数。发现抑制生长所需的锶量与含水钙浓度相关，但与碳酸盐不相关，这表明锶抑制钙离子附着在方解石表面的反应位点上。对于钝角和锐步方向上的反应部位，锶/钙阳离子交换选择性系数K_（ex）分别估计为1.09±0.09和1.44±0.19。这项工作的含义是，为避免方解石生长中毒，无论饱和指数如何，钙的浓度均应高于锶浓度和K _（ex）的商。先前在台阶上扭结位点成核的分析模型已经扩展到包括多个饱和指数下的生长速率和锶的影响。发现钙的速率常数对于两个台阶方向是相似的，但是碳酸盐的速率常数变化很大。这项工作将对方解石的自然生长或工程生长产生影响，例如螯合地下锶的污染。

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