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首页> 外文期刊>Crystal growth & design >Ring-laddering and ring-stacking: Unifying concepts in the structural chemistry of organic ammonium halides
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Ring-laddering and ring-stacking: Unifying concepts in the structural chemistry of organic ammonium halides

机译：环载梯和环堆叠：有机卤化铵结构化学的统一概念

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摘要

The ring-laddering and ring-stacking concepts of structural inorganic chemistry, having been shown previously to be useful for rationalizing the crystal structures of organic secondary ammonium halides, are shown also to be applicable to describe the structural chemistry of tertiary and primary ammonium halides. General examination of the directional preferences of N(+)center dot center dot center dot X- contacts in the crystal structures of 196 tertiary ammonium halides (R3NH+X-) and 59 primary ammonium halides (RNH3+X-) confirms that the shortest contacts in each structure are N+-H center dot center dot center dot X- hydrogen bonds that are close to linear. The next shortest N(+)center dot center dot center dot X- contacts display preferred directions of approach toward the centers of the faces of the pseudo-tetrahedral R3NH+ and RNH3+ moieties. Association of R3NH+X- ion pairs according to these preferences leads frequently to the formation of dimers, ladders, and 2D nets in crystal structures of tertiary ammonium halides. Similar association of R3NH+X- ion pairs leads frequently to the formation of ladders, 2D nets, cubanes, and extended stacks in crystal structures of primary ammonium halides. The observed structural motifs, in particular the distribution of N+(-H)center dot center dot center dot X- distances, are influenced by interactions between the R groups of the organic moieties, both within and between motifs.
机译：先前已显示出对无机次生卤化铵的晶体结构合理化有用的结构无机化学的梯形和环堆积概念，也可用于描述叔卤化伯胺和伯卤化伯铵的结构化学。对196个叔卤化铵（R3NH + X-）和59个伯卤化铵（RNH3 + X-）的晶体结构中N（+）中心点中心点中心点中心点X-接触的方向偏好的一般检查证实了最短的每个结构中的接触是接近线性的N + -H中心点中心点中心点X-氢键。下一个最短的N（+）中心点中心点中心点X-触点显示朝伪四面体R3NH +和RNH3 +部分的面中心靠近的首选方向。根据这些偏好，R 3 NH + X-离子对的缔合经常导致在卤化叔铵的晶体结构中形成二聚体，阶梯和二维网。 R3NH + X-离子对的相似缔合经常导致在一级卤化铵的晶体结构中形成梯子，2D网，古巴和扩展的堆叠。观察到的结构基序，特别是N +（-H）中心点中心点中心点中心点X-距离的分布，受基序内和基序之间有机部分R基团之间相互作用的影响。

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