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Topographical control of crystal nucleation

机译：晶体成核的形貌控制

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Surface topography is here investigated as a route to controlling crystal nucleation. The nucleation from vapor of crystals of neo-pentanol and tetrabromomethane was studied on flat surfaces of glass and mica, and on identical substrates scratched with diamond powders of varying particle size. The result is a study which presents a systematic comparison of the nucleating ability of surfaces with the same chemistry and wettability, but varying surface topography. An increase in nucleation density of up to an order of magnitude was observed on scratched mica surfaces compared to unscratched ones, and there was a decrease in the induction time by up to 60%. Larger diamond particles led to enhanced effects, particularly on the nucleation density. Although the nucleation density and induction time on unscratched glass were similar to those on mica, the surface scratches on glass had no significant effect on nucleation density or induction time. The results suggest that a high density of nanoscale features of the surface topography, such as those produced as the diamond particles fracture the mica, is necessary for an enhancement of nucleation. The apparent length scale of the topographical features on mica is discussed with reference to classical nucleation theory and other models. These results show that both a quantitative reduction in induction time and an increase in nucleation density can be achieved as a result of mechanically produced topographical surface defects, which suggests that the engineering of nanoscale topographical features has real potential for control of heterogeneous nucleation.
机译：这里研究表面形貌作为控制晶体成核的途径。在玻璃和云母的平坦表面上，以及在用不同粒径的金刚石粉末刮擦的相同基材上，研究了新戊醇和四溴甲烷晶体的蒸汽成核作用。结果是一项研究，对具有相同化学性质和润湿性但表面形貌不同的表面的成核能力进行了系统比较。与未刮擦的云母表面相比，在刮擦的云母表面上观察到的成核密度提高了一个数量级，并且诱导时间最多降低了60％。较大的金刚石颗粒导致增强的影响，尤其是对成核密度的影响。尽管未刮擦的玻璃上的成核密度和诱导时间与云母上的相似，但玻璃上的表面刮擦对成核密度或诱导时间没有显着影响。结果表明，表面形貌的高密度纳米级特征（如金刚石颗粒使云母破裂时产生的特征）对于增强成核作用是必需的。结合经典成核理论和其他模型讨论了云母上地形特征的表观长度尺度。这些结果表明，由于机械产生的形貌表面缺陷，可以实现诱导时间的定量减少和成核密度的增加，这表明纳米尺度形貌特征的工程化具有控制异种成核的真正潜力。

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