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Morphological transitions from dendrites to nanowires in the electroless deposition of silver

机译：化学镀银中从树枝状晶体到纳米线的形态学转变

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摘要

A morphological transition from dendrites to nanowires in the electroless deposition of silver by galvanic displacement of copper seeds is investigated as a function of seed size. The transition to dendritic growth is interpreted as arising from local reaction anisotropies interacting with the global solute concentration distribution. Reactions were performed on substrates bearing lithographically patterned grids of copper posts with sizes ranging from 1 to 50 μm. When copper seed size exceeds 10 μm, the deposition reaction consumes silver cations at a sufficient rate to create ripple-like Mullins-Sekerka instabilities in their distribution. The resulting concave growth fronts produce branched, dendritic structures. For copper posts smaller than 3.5 μm, cation consumption is balanced by diffusion and the growth front's advance toward the bulk, leading to networks of nanowires formed as the local reaction anisotropy favors growth by stacking along Ag(111) planes.
机译：研究了通过铜种子的电位移从化学沉积银中从树枝状晶体到纳米线的形态学转变，它是种子尺寸的函数。向树突状生长的转变被解释为是由与整体溶质浓度分布相互作用的局部反应各向异性引起的。在带有光刻图案化的铜柱栅格的基板上进行反应，铜栅格的尺寸范围为1至50μm。当铜晶种尺寸超过10μm时，沉积反应会以足够的速率消耗银阳离子，从而在其分布中产生波纹状的Mullins-Sekerka不稳定性。产生的凹形生长前沿产生分支的树枝状结构。对于小于3.5μm的铜柱，阳离子消耗通过扩散和增长前沿向本体的扩散来平衡，导致纳米线网络形成，因为局部反应各向异性有利于通过沿Ag（111）平面堆叠而生​​长。

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