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首页> 外文期刊>Advances in Meteorology >Numerical Simulation of Surface Energy and Water Balances over a Semiarid Grassland Ecosystem in the West African Savanna
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Numerical Simulation of Surface Energy and Water Balances over a Semiarid Grassland Ecosystem in the West African Savanna

机译：西非大草原半干旱草原生态系统的地表能量和水分余额的数值模拟

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摘要

To understand surface energy exchange processes over the semiarid regions in West Africa, numerical simulations of surface energy and water balances were carried out using a one-dimensional multilayer atmosphere-SOil-VEGetation (SOLVEG) model for selected days of the dry and rainy seasons over a savanna grassland ecosystem in Sumbrungu in the Upper East region of Ghana. The measured Bowen ratio was used to partition the residual energy into the observed sensible heat flux (H) and latent heat flux (LE) in order to investigate the impact of the surface energy closure on model performance. The results showed that the model overall reproduced the diurnal changes in the observed energy fluxes, especially the net radiation (Rn), compared to halfhourly eddy covariance flux measurements, for the study periods.The performance measure in terms of the correlation coefficient (R), centred root mean square error (RMSE), and normalized standard deviation (σ) between the simulated H and LE and their corresponding uncorrected observed values ranged between R = 0.63-0.99 and 0.83-0.94, RMSE = 0.88-1.25 and 0.88-1.92, and σ = 0.95-2.23 and 0.13-2.82 for the dry and rainy periods respectively, indicating a moderate to good model performance. The partitioning of H and LE by SOLVEG was generally in agreement with the observations during the dry period but showed clear discrepancies during the rainy period, particularly after rainfall events. Further sensitivity tests over longer simulation periods (e.g., 1 year) are required to improve model performance and to investigate seasonal exchanges of surface energy fluxes over the West African Savanna ecosystems in more details.
机译：要了解地面能量交流过程，在西非的半干旱地区，使用一维多层大气 - 土壤 - 植被（Solveg）模型来进行地表能量和水分余额的数值模拟，用于干燥和雨季的选定日期加纳上东地区Sumbrungu的大草原草原生态系统。测量的Bowen比率用于将残留能量分配到观察到的可显热通量（H）和潜热通量（LE）中，以便研究表面能闭合对模型性能的影响。结果表明，该模型在研究期间总体再现了观察到的能量通量的昼夜变化，尤其是净辐射（RN），用于研究时期。相关系数（R）的性能措施，居中的均方根误差（RMSE）和模拟H和LE之间的标准化标准偏差（σ）以及它们的相应未校正的观察值之间的r = 0.63-0.99和0.83-0.94，RMSE = 0.88-1.25和0.88-1.92和σ= 0.95-2.23和0.13-2.82分别用于干燥和下雨周期，表明良好的模型性能。 H和Le的分区通常与干燥期间的观察结果一致，但在雨季期间显示出明显的差异，特别是在降雨事件之后。进一步的敏感性测试在更长的仿真期（例如，1年）中需要改善模型性能，并在更多细节中调查西非大草原生态系统的地表能量通量的季节性交换。

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  • 来源
    《Advances in Meteorology》 |2017年第1期|共11页
  • 作者

    Emmanuel Quansah; Genki Katata; Matthias Mauder; Thompson Annor; Leonard K. Amekudzi; Jan Bliefernicht; Dominikus Heinzeller; Ahmed A. Balogun; Harald Kunstmann;

  • 作者单位

    Meteorology and Climate Science Unit Department of Physics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana;

    Japan Atomic Energy Agency Ibaraki Japan;

    Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany;

    Meteorology and Climate Science Unit Department of Physics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana;

    Meteorology and Climate Science Unit Department of Physics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana;

    Chair for Regional Climate and Hydrology University of Augsburg Augsburg Germany;

    Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany;

    Department of Meteorology and Climate Science Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria;

    Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 大气科学（气象学）;
  • 关键词

    Numerical Simulation; Surface Energy; Semiarid Grassland Ecosystem;

    机译：数值模拟;表面能量;半干旱草原生态系统;

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