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Morphological Control over ZnO Nanostructures from Self-Emulsion Polymerization

机译：自乳液聚合对ZnO纳米结构的形态学控制

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摘要

Three different morphologies of ZnO nanostructures, such as nanospheres, nanorods, and nanoribbons, were controlled by tuning the ratio of the Zn2+ precursor to the 4VP monomer when polymerized in aqueous medium utilizing self-emulsion polymerization. The amphiphilic homopolymer (P4VP) acts as a template to form the ZnO/P4VP nanocomposite. The aspect ratio of the nanostructures is strongly dependent on the molar concentration of the Zn2+ precursor and becomes higher as its concentration increases. This results in different morphologies that are consistently repeatable. Pure ZnO was obtained from the ZnO/P4VP nanocomposites by calcination at 400 degrees C or by solvent washing. The calcination of the nanocomposties resulted in different morphologies, such as spherical, corolla shaped, and nanosheets. In addition, hexagonal nanoblocks, nanorods, and nanoribbons were observed when the polymer was removed from the nanocomposites by washing with chloroform. Removing polymer by solvent washing is a very easy, cost-effective method and has the potential for mass production of pure and highly crystalline ZnO nanostructures with known and controllable morphologies. The nanocomposites and pure ZnO nanostructures obtained after polymer removal were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses, which confirmed the crystalline nature of the ZnO.
机译：ZnO纳米结构的三种不同形态，例如纳米球，纳米棒和纳米带，是通过调节Zn2 +前体与4VP单体在水性介质中利用自乳液聚合法进行聚合时的比例来控制的。两亲均聚物（P4VP）作为模板形成ZnO / P4VP纳米复合材料。纳米结构的长径比在很大程度上取决于Zn2 +前体的摩尔浓度，并且随着其浓度的增加而变得更高。这导致始终可重复的不同形态。通过在400摄氏度下煅烧或通过溶剂洗涤从ZnO / P4VP纳米复合材料中获得纯ZnO。纳米复合物的煅烧产生不同的形态，例如球形，花冠形和纳米片。另外，当通过用氯仿洗涤从纳米复合物中除去聚合物时，观察到六角形的纳米嵌段，纳米棒和纳米带。通过溶剂洗涤除去聚合物是一种非常容易的，具有成本效益的方法，并且具有批量生产具有已知且可控制形态的纯净和高度结晶的ZnO纳米结构的潜力。通过透射电子显微镜，高分辨率透射电子显微镜，扫描电子显微镜，能量色散X射线光谱和X射线衍射分析对聚合物去除后得到的纳米复合物和纯ZnO纳米结构进行了表征，证实了ZnO的晶体性质。 。

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