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Influence of different ligand isomers on the growth of lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles

机译：不同配体异构体对磷酸镧系纳米粒子生长的影响

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摘要

The steric position of the methoxy group in different isomers of methoxycinnamic acid ligands is observed to have a strong impact on the particle growth of lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles. Very small nanoparticles with a mean size of less than 4 nm are obtained for all phosphates from lanthanum to europium, if 3-methoxycinnamic acid or trans-4-methoxycinnamic acid are used as ligands or if these methoxy isomers are replaced by cinnamic acid or phenylpropionic acid. However, if trans-2-methoxycinnamic acid is employed in the synthesis, anisotropic particle growth along the [200] axis is observed, yielding elongated nanoparticles with an average length of up to 25 nm. Our results indicate that in all cases small nanoparticles are formed first at early stages of the synthesis and that these particles grow to larger particles only if trans-2-methoxycinnamic acid is used as the ligand. We assume that the position of the methoxy group in trans-2-methoxycinnamic acid leads to an easier displacement or removal of these ligands from the surface of the small particles, resulting in a less effective shielding of the particles against particle growth.
机译：观察到甲氧基肉桂酸配体的不同异构体中甲氧基的空间位置对磷酸镧系元素纳米粒子的颗粒生长具有强烈影响。如果使用3-甲氧基肉桂酸或反式-4-甲氧基肉桂酸作为配体，或者如果这些甲氧基异构体被肉桂酸或苯基丙酸替代，则从镧到euro的所有磷酸盐均会获得非常小的平均粒径小于4 nm的纳米颗粒酸。但是，如果在合成中使用反-2-甲氧基肉桂酸，则会观察到沿[200]轴的各向异性粒子生长，从而产生平均长度最长为25 nm的细长纳米粒子。我们的结果表明，在所有情况下，小的纳米颗粒都是在合成的早期阶段首先形成的，并且只有将反式-2-甲氧基肉桂酸用作配体时，这些颗粒才会长成更大的颗粒。我们假设反式-2-甲氧基肉桂酸中甲氧基的位置会导致这些配体更容易从小颗粒表面置换或去除，从而导致对颗粒生长的有效屏蔽作用降低。

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