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Amino Acid/Ion Aggregate Formation and Their Role in Hydroxyapatite Precipitation

机译:氨基酸/离子聚集体的形成及其在羟基磷灰石沉淀中的作用

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摘要

Hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca-5(PO4)(3)OH) constitutes the inorganic component of bone. Its formation is regulated by noncollagenous proteins and especially negatively charged amino acids present in their structure. Here we show that Ca2+ and PO43- ions can interact with both a negative (Glu) and a positive (Arg) amino acid, and form aggregates that grow if left undisturbed. Depending on how long these aggregates are allowed to grow, once they come into contact they give rise to HA crystals that form at different times and that differ in content and properties. This finding points out that the aging time of precursor solutions is an important variable that needs to be taken into account in all biomineralization experiments and that not only proteins but also small molecules like amino acids can form aggregates that alter biomineral formation. The formation of biomolecular aggregates in the aged precursor solutions may also mirror what happens in vivo, where biominerals are formed upon compartmentalization of precursor ions and mineralization inhibitors or promoters.
机译:羟基磷灰石(HA,Ca-5(PO4)(3)OH)构成骨骼的无机成分。它的形成受非胶原蛋白尤其是结构中带负电荷的氨基酸的调节。在这里,我们表明Ca2 +和PO43-离子可以与负(Glu)和正(Arg)氨基酸相互作用,并形成聚集体,如果不加扰动,它们会生长。根据允许这些聚集体生长的时间长短,一旦它们接触,就会产生在不同时间形成且含量和性质不同的HA晶体。该发现指出,前体溶液的老化时间是所有生物矿化实验中都需要考虑的重要变量,不仅蛋白质而且氨基酸等小分子也可以形成改变生物矿物质形成的聚集体。在老化的前体溶液中生物分子聚集体的形成也可能反映体内发生的情况,其中前体离子与矿化抑制剂或促进剂分隔形成生物矿物质。

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