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Environmental enrichment and drug value: a behavioral economic analysis in male rats

机译：环境富集和药物价值：雄性大鼠的行为经济分析

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Rats raised in an enriched condition (EC) show decreased stimulant self-administration relative to rats reared in an isolated condition (IC). However, few studies have examined the behavioral mechanisms underlying this environment-induced difference in self-administration. Because economic demand for drugs of abuse predicts addiction-like behavior in both humans and animals, we applied a behavioral economic analysis to cocaine self-administration data in EC and IC rats. During cocaine self-administration, the dose decreased across blocks of trials (0.75-0.003 mg/kg/inf), which allowed for a determination of demand intensity and demand elasticity. Demand intensity did not differ between EC and IC rats; however, cocaine was more elastic in EC rats relative to IC rats (i.e. EC rats were less willing to respond for cocaine as the unit price increased). When EC rats were placed in an isolated condition, demand elasticity decreased, whereas elasticity increased for IC rats placed in an enriched condition. Additionally, we applied behavioral economic analyses to previously published self-administration data and found that our results replicate past findings with cocaine and methylphenidate. To determine if differences in demand elasticity are specific to drug reinforcement, a separate group of rats was tested in sucrose or saccharin self-administration. Results showed that sucrose and saccharin were more elastic in EC rats relative to IC rats, and demand intensity was lower for saccharin in EC rats relative to IC rats. Overall, drug and nondrug reinforcers are more elastic in EC rats, which may account for the protective effects of environmental enrichment against stimulant self-administration.
机译：在富集的病症（EC）中提出的大鼠显示相对于以分离的条件（IC）中饲养的大鼠的兴奋剂自我给药程度降低。然而，很少有研究已经检查了这种环境诱导的自我管理差异的行为机制。由于滥用滥用药物的经济需求预测了人类和动物的成瘾行为，我们将行为经济分析应用于EC和IC大鼠的可卡因自我管理数据。在可卡因自我管理期间，剂量减少了试验嵌段（0.75-0.003mg / kg / kg / inf），其允许确定需求强度和需求弹性。需求强度在EC和IC大鼠之间没有区别;然而，可卡因在相对于IC大鼠的EC大鼠中更有弹性（即，由于单位价格增加，EC大鼠愿意对可卡因进行响应）。当EC大鼠置于孤立的病症中时，需求弹性降低，而IC大鼠以富集的病症置于富集的含量增加。此外，我们申请了行为经济分析到以前公布的自我管理数据，并发现我们的结果用可卡因和甲基苯胺复制过去的结果。为了确定需求弹性的差异是否特异于药物增强，在蔗糖或糖精自我给药中测试单独的大鼠组。结果表明，相对于IC大鼠的EC大鼠蔗糖和糖精在EC大鼠中更加弹性，EC大鼠糖精相对于IC大鼠的糖精则需求强度降低。总体而言，药物和非rdrug增强剂在EC大鼠中更有弹性，这可能会考虑环境富集对兴奋自我给药的保护作用。

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