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Growth mechanism and photonic behaviours of nanoporous ZnO microcheerios

机译：纳米多孔ZnO微晶石的生长机理和光子行为

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摘要

Nanoporous ZnO microcheerios were fabricated in a controlled fashion by oxidizing the DC sputtered metallic Zn crystals. The growth mechanism and photonic behavior of the materials with such a nano/microstructure were investigated and characterized in detail. It was demonstrated that the large surface energy caused by the growth steps around the equator of the metallic Zn crystals with a bi-hexagonal pyramid structure is essential for the growth of the cheerios. In particular, the nanoporous structure acts as a scaffold to provide an enormous surface area for further oxidation, resulting in composition gradients that drive Zn atoms from the core of crystals to the surface of the scaffold via the ZnO/Zn interface by self-diffusing. Such oriented diffusion behavior gives rise to the formation of ZnO microcheerios, which consist of nanowhiskers with radial orientations, having an interesting photonic behavior. As a result a high efficiency exciton emission and a visible emission that covers a wide span of wavelengths from 450 to 900 nm are observed. It is demonstrated that the visible spectra consist of five individual emissions dominated by various mechanisms. Such emissions can also be tuned precisely by manipulating the defect chemistry and the size of nanopores with the controlled synthesis process.
机译：通过氧化直流溅射的金属Zn晶体，以可控的方式制备了纳米多孔ZnO微晶。研究并详细描述了具有这种纳米/微结构的材料的生长机理和光子行为。结果表明，由具有双六边形棱锥结构的金属Zn晶体的赤道周围的生长步骤引起的大表面能对于麦角酒的生长至关重要。特别地，纳米孔结构充当支架以提供用于进一步氧化的巨大表面积，从而导致组成梯度，该梯度通过自扩散通过ZnO / Zn界面将Zn原子从晶体的核心驱动到支架的表面。这种定向的扩散行为引起了ZnO微化学晶体的形成，其由具有径向取向的纳米晶须组成，具有有趣的光子行为。结果，观察到高效率的激子发射和可见光发射，其覆盖从450到900 nm的宽波长范围。结果表明，可见光谱由受各种机制支配的五个单独的发射组成。通过控制合成过程中的缺陷化学性质和纳米孔的大小，也可以精确地调节这种排放。

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