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Exploring the potential of edible forest gardens: experiences from a participatory action research project in Sweden

机译：探索食用林花园的潜力：瑞典参与式行动研究项目的经验

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摘要

To meet the environmental challenges that are presently confronting society, the narrow focus on agricultural production needs to be altered to one that places equal value on the generation of crucial ecosystem services. Current research shows that perennial intercropping systems such as agroforestry may be a feasible alternative. Based on studies during the establishment of edible forest gardens in 12 participating farms in Sweden, this paper explores the potential of utilizing multi-strata designs for food production in temperate, high-income countries. Design and species composition of such gardens, types of food they provide, and how they would best fit into the present landscape are discussed. Factors for success and major problems related to the establishment are shared. Potential benefits were found to be closely related to a thorough analysis of the social and ecological contexts before establishment. Characteristics of the site and goals of the garden need to guide species and design choices. If forest garden approaches to food production should contribute to more than local self-sufficiency, the gardens need to increase in scale. Marginal lands and transitions areas between different land uses may be appropriate. Large knowledge gaps concerning potential production, social and economic benefits, and agronomic issues were identified.
机译：为满足目前面临的社会的环境挑战，需要改变对农业生产的狭隘关注，以将相同的价值置于一代至关重要的生态系统服务。目前的研究表明，诸如农林店的多年生间作系统可能是可行的替代品。基于在瑞典12名参与农场建立食用林园的研究，本文探讨了利用温带粮食生产的多层设计的潜力。讨论了这些花园的设计和物种组成，他们提供的食物类型，以及它们如何最适合目前的景观。共享成功的因素和与成立相关的主要问题。发现潜在的好处与在建立前对社会和生态背景的彻底分析密切相关。花园的网站和目标的特点需要指导物种和设计选择。如果森林园林生产粮食生产的方法应该有贡献超过地方自给自足，所花园需要规模增加。不同土地使用之间的边缘土地和过渡区域可能是合适的。确定了潜在的生产，社会和经济效益以及农艺问题的大知识差距。

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