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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Palaeontologica Polonica >Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada
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Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

机译：来自加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省中寒武纪伯吉斯页岩的两种节肢动物异氧基的软部分保存

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摘要

More than forty specimens from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale reveal the detailed anatomy of Isoxys, a worldwide distributed bivalved arthropod represented here by two species, namely Isoxys acutangulus and Isoxys longissimus. I. acutangulus had a non-mineralized headshield with lateral pleural folds (= "valves" of previous authors) that covered the animal's body almost entirely, large frontal spherical eyes and a pair of uniramous prehensile appendages bearing stout spiny outgrowths along their anterior margins. The 13 following appendages had a uniform biramous design-i.e., a short endopod and a paddle-like exopod fringed with marginal setae with a probable natatory function. The trunk ended with a flap-like telson that protruded beyond the posterior margin of the headshield. The gut of I. acutangulus was tube-like, running from mouth to telson, and was flanked with numerous 3D-preserved bulbous, paired features interpreted as digestive glands. The appendage design of I. acutangulus indicates that the animal was a swimmer and a Visual predator living off-bottom. The general anatomy of Isoxys longissimus was similar to that of L acutangulus although less information is available on the exact shape of its appendages and visual organs. I. longissimus is characterized by extremely long anterior and posterior spines. There are now seven Isoxys species known with soft-part preservation, I. acutangulus, I. longissimus from the Burgess Shale, I. auritus and I. curvirostratus from the Maotianshan Shale of China, I. communis and I. glaessneri from the EMU Bay Shale of Australia and I. volucris from Sirius Passet in Greenland. The frontal appendages of Isoxys strongly resemble those of other Cambrian arthropods, characterized by a single pair of "great appendages" with a shared prehensile function yet some variability in length and shape.
机译：来自中寒武纪Burgess页岩的40多个标本揭示了Isoxys的详细解剖结构，Isoxys是一种分布在全世界的双壳节肢动物节肢动物，在这里以两种物种为代表，即Isoxys acutangulus和Isoxys longissimus。 I. acutangulus有一个非矿化的头罩，带有侧面的胸膜褶皱（=先前作者的“阀门”），几乎完全覆盖了动物的身体，额叶球形大眼睛和一对独特的齿状附肢，它们的前缘有坚硬的刺状突起。接下来的13个附肢具有统一的双翅目设计，即短内足和一个边缘似的刚毛边缘的桨状外足动物，具有可能的鼻息功能。躯干以瓣状telson结尾，突出于头罩的后缘。 Icutangulus的肠呈管状，从嘴巴到telson，在其两侧有许多保存有3D的球状，成对的特征，被解释为消化腺。 I. acutangulus的附肢设计表明，该动物是游泳者，是生活在水底的视觉掠食者。尽管长得很长，但有关肢体和视觉器官确切形状的信息却很少。 I. longissimus的特征是前棘和后棘极长。现在已知有七个具有部分软化保护作用的Isoxys物种，即来自中国毛天山页岩的I. acutangulus，I。longissimus，来自毛天山页岩的I. auritus和curvirostratus，来自EMU湾的I. communis和glaessneri。澳大利亚的页岩和格陵兰的Sirius Passet的I. volucris。异氧基的额头与其他寒武纪节肢动物的额头非常相似，其特征是一对“伟大的附肢”，具有共同的prehensile功能，但长度和形状有些变化。

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