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首页> 外文期刊>Alcohol >Characterizing conditioned reactivity to sequential alcohol-predictive cues in well-trained rats
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Characterizing conditioned reactivity to sequential alcohol-predictive cues in well-trained rats

机译：在训练良好的大鼠中表征条件反应性与顺序酒精预测性提示

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Implicit learning about antecedent stimuli and the unconditional stimulus (US) properties of alcohol may facilitate the progressive loss of control over drinking. To model this learning, Cofresí et?al. (2017) developed a procedure in which a discrete, visual conditional stimulus (houselight illumination; CS) predicted the availability of a retractable sipper that rats could lick to receive unsweetened alcohol [Alcoholism:Clinical and Experimental Research,41, 608–617]. Here we investigated the possibility that houselight illumination, sipper presentation, and oral alcohol receipt might each exert control over alcohol seeking and drinking. We also determined the relationship between ingested dose and blood alcohol concentration, in order to validate the idea that the US is a post-ingestive action of alcohol. Finally, we tested a major prediction from the conditioning account of problematic drinking [Tomie, A., & Sharma, N. (2013).Current Drug Abuse Reviews,6, 201–219], which is that once learned, responses elicited by a CS will promote drinking. We found that despite having constrained opportunities to drink alcohol during the conditioning procedure, ingested doses produced discriminable blood concentrations that supported cue conditioning. Based on our analysis of the dynamics of cue reactivity in well-trained rats, we found that houselight illumination triggered conditioned approach, sipper presentation evoked licking behavior, and alcohol receipt promoted drinking. Reactivity to these cues, which varied in terms of their temporal proximity to the alcohol US, persisted despite progressive intoxication or satiety. Additionally, rats with the greatest conditioned reactivity to the most distal alcohol cue were also the fastest to initiate drinking and drank the most. Our findings indicate that the post-ingestive effects of alcohol may condition multiple cues simultaneously in adult rats, and these multiple cues help to trigger alcohol seeking and drinking. Moreover, identification and characterization of these cues should be helpful for designing interventions that attenuate the power of these cues over behavior.
机译：隐含关于前一种刺激和无条件刺激（美国）酒精性质的学习，可以促进饮用的逐步丧失。为了模拟这一学习，Cofresíet？al。 （2017）制定了一种离散，视觉条件刺激（Houseelight照明; CS）的程序预测了大鼠可以舔以接受不含糖的酒精[酒精中毒：临床和实验研究，41,608-617]的可伸缩性鲸鱼的可用性。在这里，我们调查了房屋灯照明，徒步运动员介绍和口服酒精收据的可能性，可能每次施加对酒精寻求和饮酒的控制。我们还确定了摄入剂量和血液酒精浓度之间的关系，以验证美国是醇的后摄取作用的想法。最后，我们从问题饮酒的调理账户中测试了一个主要预测[Tomie，A.，＆Sharma，N。（2013）。他们的药物虐待评论，6,20-219]，这是曾经学习过的，由此引出的回应CS将促进饮酒。我们发现，尽管在调理程序期间饮酒有受约束的机会，但摄入剂量产生了支持的血液浓度，这些血液浓度支持的提示调理。基于我们对训练有素的大鼠的提示反应性动态的分析，我们发现HOSELIGHT照明触发条件方法，徒步运动员唤起行为，饮酒促进饮酒。尽管累进的中毒或饱腹感，但对这些提示的反应性在他们对酒后的时间邻近而变化。另外，对最远端酒精提示最大的调节反应性的大鼠也是启动饮用的最快，最少。我们的研究结果表明，酒精的后摄取效果可能在成年大鼠中同时调节多个提示，这些提示有助于引发饮酒和饮用。此外，这些提示的鉴定和表征应该有助于设计衰减这些提示的行为的力量的干预措施。

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