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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS and behavior >Engagement of Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the Response to HIV: A Critical Step in Achieving an AIDS-Free Generation
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Engagement of Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the Response to HIV: A Critical Step in Achieving an AIDS-Free Generation

机译：同性恋男人和其他与男人发生性关系的男人（MSM）的参与在对艾滋病毒的反应中：实现无艾滋病的一步

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be at elevated risk for HIV acquisition and transmission secondary to biological and behavioral characteristics, social and sexual network characteristics, community environmental factors, and structural factors. HIV incidence rates remain high among MSM in both low-and high-income settings, and in both concentrated and more generalized HIV epidemic settings. While data quality tends to be poorer, the best estimates collectively suggest that MSM have up to 20 times the odds of living with HIV as compared to other reproductive aged adults across low-and middle-income countries. Recent prevention strategies to lower biological HIV transmission and acquisition risks, including the early use of antiretrovirals to decrease infectiousness for those living with HIV, and pre-exposure prophylaxis for those at significant risk of HIV acquisition, have demonstrated the potential to change the trajectory of the HIV epidemics among MSM. However, the coverage and effectiveness of these approaches is limited by structural factors including the punitive legal frameworks and institutional discrimination that contribute to limited uptake, challenges to adherence, and suboptimal health-seeking behaviors among MSM. More intensive efforts will be required to reach MSM who do not currently have access to relevant and effective prevention and treatment services or elect not to access these services given enacted and/or perceived stigma. Respect for human rights, including efforts to aggressively confront and combat the forms of stigma that are preventing us from achieving an AIDS-Free generation, are needed for all people including gay men and other MSM.
机译：与男人（MSM）发生性关系的男性持续存在艾滋病毒收购和传播的升高风险，其是生物和行为特征，社会和性网络特征，社区环境因素和结构因素。低收入和高收入设置中的MSM均居中力发病率仍然很高，并且在集中和更广泛的艾滋病毒流行病中。虽然数据质量往往是较穷的，但最佳估计值得共同认为，与中低收入国家的其他生殖年龄成年人相比，MSM患有艾滋病毒的含量高达20倍。最近的预防策略降低生物艾滋病毒的传播和收购风险，包括早期使用抗逆转录毒脉对艾滋病毒艾滋病毒患者的感染性降低传染病，以及对艾滋病毒收购的重大风险的预防预防性，已经证明了改变轨迹的可能性MSM中的艾滋病毒流行病。然而，这些方法的覆盖范围和有效性受到结构因素的限制，包括惩罚性法律框架和制度歧视，这些机构歧视有助于有限的吸收，依赖于依赖的挑战，并在MSM中寻求次优医疗保健行为。更加密集的努力将需要达到目前无法获得相关和有效的预防和治疗服务或选择不访问所颁布的和/或感知耻辱的服务的MSM。尊重人权，包括积极面对并打击阻止我们在包括同性恋者和其他MSM中的所有人所需的耻辱形式的努力，这些努力遭到侵害。

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