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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Physical Anthropology >Genetic resiliency and the Black Death: No apparent loss of mitogenomic diversity due to the Black Death in medieval London and Denmark
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Genetic resiliency and the Black Death: No apparent loss of mitogenomic diversity due to the Black Death in medieval London and Denmark

机译：遗传弹性和黑色死亡：由于中世纪伦敦和丹麦的黑色死亡，没有明显丧失麻醉组织多样性

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Objectives: In the 14th century AD, medieval Europe was severely affected by the Great European Famine as well as repeated bouts of disease, including the Black Death, causing major demographic shifts. This high volatility led to increased mobility and migration due to new labor and economic opportunities, as evidenced by documentary and stable isotope data. This study uses ancient DNA (aDNA) isolated from skeletal remains to examine whether evidence for largescale population movement can be gleaned from the complete mitochondrial genomes of 264 medieval individuals from England (London) and Denmark. Materials and Methods: Using a novel library-conserving approach to targeted capture, we recovered 264 full mitochondrial genomes from the petrous portion of the temporal bones and teeth and compared genetic diversity across the medieval period within and between English (London) and Danish populations and with contemporary populations through population pairwise Φ_(ST) analysis. Results: We find no evidence of significant differences in genetic diversity spatially or temporally in our dataset, yet there is a high degree of haplotype diversity in our medieval samples with little exact sequence sharing. Discussion: The mitochondrial genomes of both medieval Londoners and medieval Danes suggest high mitochondrial diversity before, during and after the Black Death. While our mitochondrial genomic data lack geographically correlated signals, these data could be the result of high, continual female migration before and after the Black Death or may simply indicate a large female effective population size unaffected by the upheaval of the medieval period. Either scenario suggests a genetic resiliency in areas of northwestern medieval Europe.
机译：目的：在14世纪的广告中，中世纪的欧洲受到伟大欧洲饥荒的严重影响，以及重复的疾病，包括黑死，造成重大的人口变化。由于新的劳动和经济机会，这一高波动导致了增加的流动性和迁移，如纪录片和稳定的同位素数据所证明。本研究使用骨骼中分离的古代DNA（ADNA）遗体，仍然可以从英格兰（伦敦）和丹麦的264名中世纪个体的完全线粒体基因组中获取追踪人口运动的证据。材料和方法：利用新型图书馆保护方法对目标捕获，我们从颞骨和牙齿的浮石中恢复了264个完全线粒体基因组，并在英语（伦敦）和丹麦人群之间和之间的中世纪时期和中世纪之间的遗传多样性比较随着当代人群通过群体成对φ_（ST）分析。结果：我们发现没有证据表明在我们的数据集中或时间上的遗传多样性有显着差异，但我们的中世纪样本中有很高的单倍型多样性，序列共享很小。讨论：中世纪伦敦人和中世纪丹麦的线粒体基因组织在黑死之前，期间和之后都表明了高线粒体多样性。虽然我们的线粒体基因组数据缺乏地理相关信号，但这些数据可能是在黑死之前和之后高，持续的女性迁移的结果，或者在黑亡死亡之前和之后的结果，或者可以简单地表明未受中世纪的动荡不受影响的大的女性有效的人口尺寸。无论是情景都表明西北地区欧洲西北部地区的遗传弹性。

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