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The impact of exposure to desert dust on infants’ symptoms and countermeasures to reduce the effects

机译：暴露在沙漠粉尘对婴儿症状的影响及降低效果的对策

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Abstract Background The association between particulate matter (PM), including desert dust, and allergic symptoms has not been well studied. We examined whether PM exacerbated nose/eye/respiratory symptoms in infants, with a focus on the desert dust element, and assessed possible countermeasures. Methods We conducted a panel study of 1492 infants from October 2014 to July 2016 in 3 regions in Japan as an adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Infants’ daily symptom scores and behaviors were acquired by web‐based questionnaires sent to mothers, who answered within a day using mobile phones. Odds ratios (OR) for symptom development per increased fine PM or desert dust exposure were estimated. Regular use of medications and behaviors on the day of exposure were investigated as possible effect modifiers. Results Infants developed nose/eye/respiratory symptoms significantly more often in accordance with fine particulate levels (adjusted OR per 10?μg/m 3 increase: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01‐1.07). A model including both fine particulates and desert dust showed reduced OR for fine particulates and robust OR for desert dust (adjusted OR per 0.1/km increase: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09‐1.23). An increased OR was observed both in infants who had previously wheezed and in those who had never wheezed. Receiving information on the particulate forecast, reducing time outdoors, closing windows, and regular use of leukotriene receptor antagonists were significant effect modifiers. Conclusions Transborder desert dust arrival increased the risk of nose/eye/respiratory symptoms development in infants. Regular use of leukotriene receptor antagonists and other countermeasures reduced the risk.
机译：摘要背景颗粒物质（PM）之间的关联，包括沙漠粉尘和过敏症状并未得到很好的研究。我们检查了婴儿的PM是否加剧了鼻子/眼睛/呼吸道症状，重点是沙漠粉尘元素，并评估了可能的对策。方法采用2014年10月至2016年7月在日本的3个地区进行了1492名婴儿的小组研究，作为日本环境和儿童研究的辅助研究。婴儿的日常症状分数和行为是通过向母亲发送给母亲的基于网络的问卷收购，他们在一天内使用手机回答。估计每增加PM或沙漠粉尘暴露的症状比率（或）症状发展。考虑在暴露的日期使用药物和行为，以可能的作用改性剂研究。结果婴儿发育鼻子/眼睛/呼吸道症状更常见地根据细颗粒水平（调节或每10μg/ m 3增加：1.04,95％置信区间[CI]：1.01-1.07）。包括细颗粒和沙漠粉尘的模型表现出减少或用于细颗粒和鲁棒或沙漠粉尘（调整或0.1 / km增加：1.16,95％CI：1.09-1.23）。在以前喘息于那些从未喘息过的人的婴儿中，也被观察到的。接受有关颗粒预测的信息，在户外减少时间，关闭窗口，以及定期使用白三烯受体拮抗剂是显着的改性剂。结论Transborder沙漠粉尘到达增加了婴儿鼻子/眼睛/呼吸系统症状发育的风险。定期使用白三烯受体拮抗剂和其他对策降低了风险。

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