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The functional biology of peanut allergens and possible links to their allergenicity

机译：花生过敏原的功能生物学和与其过敏性的可能链接

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摘要

Peanut is one of the most common food triggers of fatal anaphylaxis worldwide although peanut allergy affects only 1%-2% of the general population. Peanuts are the source of highly potent allergenic proteins. It is emerging that the allergenicity of certain proteins is linked to their biological function. Peanut is an unusual crop in that it flowers aboveground but produces its seed-containing pods underground. This so-called geocarpic fruiting habit exposes pods and seeds during their development to soilborne pathogens and pests. Pest damage can also open routes of entry for opportunistic fungi such as Aspergillus. Although seed proteins have primary functions in nutrient reservoirs, lipid storage bodies, or the cytoskeleton, they have also evolved to act as part of the plant's defense system to enhance fitness and survival of the species. When interacting with pathogens or pests, these proteins modify and damage cells' membranes, interact with immune receptors, and modulate signaling pathways. Moreover, following exposure, the immune system of predisposed individuals reacts to these proteins with the production of specific IgE. This review explores the evolutionary biology of peanut and its seed proteins and highlights possible links between the proteins' biological function and their allergenicity.
机译：花生是全世界致命的致命性过敏性的最常见的食物触发之一，虽然花生过敏仅影响一般人群的1％-2％。花生是高度有效的过敏性蛋白质的来源。它正在出现某些蛋白质的过敏性与其生物学功能相关联。花生是一种不寻常的作物，因为它的花在地上花卉，但在地下生产含种子的豆荚。这种所谓的地理癖结果习惯在开发过程中暴露于碎裂的病原体和害虫的豆荚和种子。害虫伤害也可以打开机会主义真菌的进入路线，如曲霉。虽然种子蛋白质在营养储存器中具有初级功能，但脂质储存体或细胞骨架，它们也在演变为作为植物防御系统的一部分，以提高物种的健身和生存。当与病原体或害虫相互作用时，这些蛋白质改变和损伤细胞膜，与免疫受体相互作用，并调节信号通路。此外，在暴露之后，倾斜的个体的免疫系统随着特异性IgE的产生而反应这些蛋白质。本综述探讨了花生及其种子蛋白的进化生物学，并突出了蛋白质生物功能与其过敏性之间的可能链接。

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