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Ammonia concentrations and emission rates at a commercial poultry manure composting facility

机译：商业家禽粪便堆肥设施中的氨浓度和排放率

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Composting facilities are essential parts of most manure-belt (MB) poultry houses in the U.S., but their NH3 concentrations and emission are not well understood. This may affect farm operation safety and limit the development of NH3 mitigation and management strategies. The study aimed to quantify NH3 concentrations and hen-specific emission rates (ER) at a commercial poultry manure composting facility and to understand their diurnal and seasonal variations. Two large tunnel-ventilated composting buildings with twelve 122-cm exhaust fans were chosen as the study site, which received manure from four on-site manure-belt layer barns. The inlet and exhaust NH3 concentrations at the compost building were monitored quasi-continuously for one month per season for two years. Ammonia ERs were calculated based on the NH3 concentrations and building ventilation rates. The average daily mean +/- SD of the NH3 concentrations in spring, summer, fall, and winter were 114 +/- 20, 144 +/- 35, 115 +/- 13, and 141 +/- 25 ppmv, respectively. Seasonal and diurnal variations existed in both NH3 concentrations and ERs. The daytime NH3 ER was significantly higher than that of night time. These results showed that NH3 emissions from composting facilities are considerably high, and thus mitigation strategies are needed to further reduce NH3 from the whole MB layer facility system. (C) 2016 IAgrE. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：堆肥设施是美国大多数粪肥带（MB）家禽舍的重要组成部分，但人们对它们的NH3浓度和排放却知之甚少。这可能会影响农场的运营安全并限制NH3缓解和管理策略的发展。该研究旨在量化商业家禽粪便堆肥设施中的NH3浓度和母鸡特定排放率（ER），并了解其每日和季节性变化。选择了两座带有12个122厘米排气扇的大型隧道通风堆肥建筑作为研究地点，它们从四个现场粪肥带层谷仓接收粪便。对堆肥建筑的进气口和排气口NH3浓度进行了准连续监测，每个季节监测一个月，持续两年。氨ERs是根据NH3浓度和建筑物通风率计算的。在春季，夏季，秋季和冬季，NH3浓度的平均每日平均+/- SD分别为114 +/- 20、144 +/- 35、115 +/- 13和141 +/- 25 ppmv。 NH3浓度和ERs均存在季节性和昼夜变化。白天的NH3 ER显着高于夜间。这些结果表明，堆肥设施中的NH3排放量很高，因此需要采取缓解策略来进一步减少整个MB层设施系统中的NH3。 （C）2016年。由Elsevier Ltd.出版。保留所有权利。

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