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Modeling light availability for crop strips planted within apple orchard

机译：在苹果园中种植的作物条带建模光可用性

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摘要

Rational design and management of the crop strips structure within fruit orchards are essential to make use of the economic and ecological advantages of intercropping but avoid the negative effects of resource competition on the fruit production. A better understanding of the light transmission processes could provide basis for quantifying resource competition and growth dynamics in the agroforestry system. Modeling work was combined with field experiment in this study to investigate light transmission in an apple tree (Males pumila M.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) intercropping system. The experiment was conducted in 2016 and 2017 in a plantation of apple at a spacing of 4 m x 4 m on the Loess Plateau of China. Three floor managing patterns were applied: clean tillage (CT), 2.4-meter-wide cocksfoot strips set up between tree rows that harvested more frequently to maintain a low coverage (LC), and cocksfoot strips with a greater coverage (GC). The light model simulates light transmission in the tree crown with a geometrical model that considering the canopy spatial heterogeneity, and describes light extinction in the crop strips with a strip-path radiation transmission model which is suitable for strip-path canopy structures. Results showed that the model well predicted fraction of incident light over and transmitted through the cocksfoot strips with determination coefficient of 0.707 and 0.892 respectively and root mean square error of 0.096 and 0.037. Averaged over the two seasons, light interception by cocksfoot were 439.1 and 504.7 MJ m(-2) in LC and GC respectively, accounted for 23.1% and 26.5% of the total incoming light. Light use efficiency of cocksfoot in LC was far greater than that in the GC in both seasons. Planting cocksfoot showed no significant adverse effects on apple production, 6.32 and 5.67 t ha(-1) additional dry forage were produced in the LC and GC plots respectively in 2016, the production were only 3.02 and 2.07 t ha(-1) in 2017 as limited by water availability. Simulations with information on apple tree orchards of different age showed that seasonal mean fraction of light interception by cocksfoot under 3-10 years old apple trees varied from 0.41 to 0.29 for GC and from 0.36 to 0.25 for LC treatments, but the fraction became & 0.15 for 15 years and older orchards. This study provides basics for quantifying light and other resource competition in tree and crop intercropping systems and gives insights into floor management for rain-fed apple orchards on the Loess Plateau area of China.
机译：果园内作物条纹结构的理性设计和管理对于利用间作的经济和生态优势，避免了资源竞争对水果生产的负面影响。更好地理解光传输过程可以为量化农林竞争系统中的资源竞争和生长动态提供依据。建模工作与本研究中的田间实验相结合，调查苹果树（雄性Pumila M.）和Cocksfoot（Dactylis Glomerata L.）间作系统中的光传输。该实验是在2016年和2017年在苹果的种植园进行，在中国黄土高原的4米×4米的间距。应用了三种楼层管理模式：清洁耕作（CT），2.4米宽的Cocksfoot条在树行之间设置，以维持低覆盖（LC），以及具有更大覆盖范围（GC）的Cocksfoot条带。光模拟树冠中的光传输，其几何模型考虑了冠层空间异质性，并描述了具有适用于条带路径遮篷结构的条带路径辐射传输模型的裁剪条中的光灭火。结果表明，模型良好地预测入射光的一部分，并通过Cocksfoot条带传递，分别具有0.707和0.892的确定系数和0.096和0.037的根均方误差。平均在两个季节上，Cocksfoot的光截取分别在LC和GC中分别为439.1和504.7MJ m（-2），占总进入光线的23.1％和26.5％。 LC Cocksfoot的轻盈使用效率远远大于两个季节中GC的效率。种植的Cocksfoot显示对苹果制作没有显着的不利影响，6.32和5.67 T ha（-1）分别在2016年在LC和GC块中产生额外的干法，2017年生产仅为3.02和2.07 T HA（-1）与水可用性有限。仿真与不同年龄的苹果树果园的信息表明，在3-10岁以下的苹果树下，Cocksfoot的季节性平均分数从0.41〜0.29变化，对于LC治疗，0.36至0.25，但分数变为＆amp; LT; 0.15 15岁及较旧的果园。本研究为量化树木和作物间作系统中的光和其他资源竞争提供了基础知识，并在中国黄土高原地区进行雨饲苹果园的地板管理。

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  • 来源
    《Agricultural Systems》 |2019年第2019期|共11页
  • 作者

    Wang Zikui; Cao Quan; Shen Yuying;

  • 作者单位

    Lanzhou Univ Coll Pastoral Agr Sci &

    Technol Minist Agr &

    Rural Affairs State Key Lab Grassland Agroecosyst Key Lab Grass Lanzhou 730020 Gansu Peoples R China;

    Lanzhou Univ Coll Pastoral Agr Sci &

    Technol Minist Agr &

    Rural Affairs State Key Lab Grassland Agroecosyst Key Lab Grass Lanzhou 730020 Gansu Peoples R China;

    Lanzhou Univ Coll Pastoral Agr Sci &

    Technol Minist Agr &

    Rural Affairs State Key Lab Grassland Agroecosyst Key Lab Grass Lanzhou 730020 Gansu Peoples R China;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农业科学;
  • 关键词

    Light use; Agroforestry; Apple orchard; Cocksfoot; Modeling;

    机译：轻盈使用;农林园;苹果园;Cocksfoot;建模;

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