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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural Water Management >Numerical simulations of the effects furrow surface conditions and fertilizer locations have on plant nitrogen and water use in furrow irrigated systems
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Numerical simulations of the effects furrow surface conditions and fertilizer locations have on plant nitrogen and water use in furrow irrigated systems

机译：犁沟表面条件和肥料位置对肥料灌溉系统的影响数值模拟

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The HYDRUS model can be used to evaluate the effects of different soil surface treatments at the bottom of the furrow, different initial nitrogen fertilizer locations, and different furrow irrigation rates on deep drainage and solute leaching in furrow irrigated systems. This paper extends our 2012 study, in which we considered only one irrigation cycle and ignored the effects of plants. As a result of considering only one irrigation cycle, a large amount of water was used to change the water storage in the transport domain and only limited deep drainage of water and leaching of fertilizer at the bottom of the domain occurred in most scenarios investigated. To obtain a more realistic and complete picture, we have in this study considered multiple irrigation cycles to reflect actual field practices better and accounted for root water and nitrogen uptake and plant transpiration. As in our previous study, soil surface treatments at the bottom of the furrow include untreated, compacted and an impermeable membrane, and fertilizer is initially placed at one of five different locations in the furrow or the ridge. We have also evaluated (1) the effectiveness of triggering irrigation based on a pre-set soil water pressure head at a specific location in the ridge compared with prescribed irrigation at a regular time interval to supply water and nitrogen, and (2) the effects of plant water and nitrogen uptake on the furrow water balance, infiltration, soil evaporation, deep drainage, transpiration and nitrogen leaching. Our simulations show that deep drainage and nitrogen leaching can be substantially reduced by using an impermeable membrane on the bottom of the furrow and that a substantial additional reduction in leaching can be achieved by triggering irrigation rather than using a fixed time schedule. We also show that the initial location of fertilizer has a substantial effect on nitrogen uptake and leaching.
机译：氢化模型可用于评估不同土壤表面处理在沟槽底部，不同的初始氮肥地点以及沟渠灌溉系统中深排水和溶质浸出的不同沟灌速率的影响。本文扩展了我们2012年的研究，其中我们只考虑了一个灌溉周期并忽略了植物的影响。由于仅考虑一个灌溉周期，使用大量的水来改变运输领域的储水，并且在大多数情况下，域底部的水底部只有有限的水和浸出的浸出。为了获得更现实和完整的画面，我们在这项研究中考虑了多次灌溉循环，以更好地反映实际的现场实践，并占根水和氮吸收和植物蒸腾。与之前的研究一样，沟槽底部的土壤表面处理包括未处理，压实和不可渗透的膜，并且肥料最初置于沟槽或脊的五个不同位置之一。我们还评估了（1）基于在脊柱的特定位置的预先设定的土壤水压头的触发灌溉的有效性与规定的时间间隔，以供应水和氮，以及（2）效果植物水和氮气吸收对犁沟水平，渗透，土壤蒸发，深排水，蒸腾和氮浸出。我们的模拟表明，通过使用沟槽底部的不透水膜可以大大降低深排水和氮浸出，并且通过触发灌溉而不是使用固定时间表，可以实现浸出的大量额外减少。我们还表明，肥料的初始定位对氮气吸收和浸出具有大量影响。

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