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Optimizing sensory quality and variety: An effective strategy for increasing meal enjoyment and food intake in older nursing home residents

机译：优化感官质量和品种：增加老年护理家居居民膳食享受和食物摄入量的有效策略

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A decline in appetite and consequently in food intake is often observed with ageing, particularly in older adults living in nursing homes. Several strategies have been tested in nursing homes to counter this phenomenon. However, the approaches have rarely focused on food improvement, and most studies have assessed the impact of flavor enhancement on eating behavior. The present experiment aimed to assess the impact of improving sensory quality versus increasing sensory variety on food intake and meal enjoyment in elderly individuals living in a nursing home. Four conditions were compared: control condition, a Quality+ condition (recipes were improved according to sensory preference of the target population), a Variety+ condition (participants were offered a variety of main dishes and several condiments throughout the meal) and a Quality&Variety+ condition combining the two previous conditions. Eighty-two residents (age range: 71-101 years) participated in eight lunchtime sessions (2 replicates x 4 conditions). Compared to control condition, our results showed that improving the sensory quality of the dishes and/or providing variety led to increased meal enjoyment and food intake (energy intake: + 5% for Quality +; +7% for Variety +). No additional effect was observed when the two factors were combined ( + 7% for Quality&Variety+). These results suggest that meal improvement strategies can be used to increase food intake in order to prevent and treat malnutrition in dependent older adults.
机译：随着衰老的衰老，通常观察到食欲下的食欲和所以在食物摄入量，特别是在养老院的老年人身上。在护理家庭中测试了几种策略以对抗这种现象。然而，该方法很少专注于食品改善，大多数研究已经评估了风味增强对饮食行为的影响。目前的实验旨在评估改善感官质量对养食物中的食物摄入和膳食享受的影响对养育家庭的食物摄入和膳食享受的影响。比较了四种条件：控制条件，质量+条件（根据目标群体的感觉偏好改善），各种+条件（参与者提供各种主要菜肴以及整个膳食的几种调味品），以及组合的质量和品种+条件两个以前的条件。八十二名居民（年龄范围：71-101岁）参加了八个午餐时间（2次重复X 4条件）。与控制条件相比，我们的结果表明，提高了菜肴的感官质量和/或提供了各种导致的膳食享受和食物摄入量（能源摄入量：质量+ 5％+ 5％+ 7％）。当两种因素合并时未观察到额外效果（质量＆品种+的7％）。这些结果表明，膳食改善策略可用于增加食物摄入量，以防止依赖老年人的营养不良。

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