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Optimal defaults as a strategy to improve selections from children's menus in full-service theme park dining

机译：最佳默认默认值作为改进儿童菜单中的全方位主题公园用餐的策略

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An "optimal default" refers to a pre-selected default option that promotes an outcome intended to be favorable to the individual and/or society at large. Optimal defaults preserve the decision-maker's ability to opt-out of the default and choose an alternative option. This behavioral economics strategy has been shown to nudge both child and adult consumers toward healthier food selections. Full-service restaurants with children's menus are key settings for implementing this approach. The current field study manipulated children's menus at two theme park restaurants, testing the effects of three different item presentations (i.e., lower-energy-dense default, standard fare default, and free array menus). Each menu was presented to consumers for 1 week at a time, in random order. Full choice was preserved with all menu options appearing across conditions, with non-default items listed as available upon request. The restaurants tracked food orders during each of the three weeks. Results showed that positioning lower-energy-dense foods as default menu choices increased the likelihood of lower-energy-dense menu selections and decreased the likelihood that customers would "opt-out" for standard fare. There were also significant differences in total caloric value of food ordered across conditions, with the optimal default menu condition promoting the lowest potential energy intake. This study further supports the effectiveness of optimal defaults to increase healthy food choices for children.
机译：“最佳默认值”是指预先选择的默认选项，促进旨在对个人和/或社会有利的结果。最佳默认值保留决策者选择默认值并选择备选选项的能力。这种行为经济学策略已被证明是为了使儿童和成人消费者进行更健康的食物选择。拥有儿童菜单的全套服务餐厅是实现这种方法的关键设置。目前的现场研究在两个主题园区的餐厅操纵儿童菜单，测试三种不同的物品演示的影响（即，低能量密集的默认，标准票价默认和免费阵列菜单）。每个菜单都以随机顺序一次向消费者提供1周。全面选择在条件下出现的所有菜单选项保存，并根据要求提供非默认项目。在三周之内，餐馆追踪食品订单。结果表明，将低能量密集的食品定位为默认菜单选择增加了较低能量密集的菜单选择的可能性，并降低了客户将“选择退出”标准票价的可能性。在条件下订购的食物总热量值也存在显着差异，具有促进最低潜在能量摄入量的最佳默认菜单状态。本研究进一步支持最佳违约的有效性，以增加儿童健康食品选择。

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