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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Soil Ecology >Effects of cropping systems and soil amendments on nematode community and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties in a paddy rice field in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
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Effects of cropping systems and soil amendments on nematode community and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties in a paddy rice field in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

机译：越南湄公河三角洲水稻稻田土壤群落及土壤修正对线虫群落的影响及其与土壤稻田土壤物理化学特性的影响

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摘要

Long-term intensive rice monoculture, triple rice cultivation (rice crops are cultivated three times per year) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, causes a reduction in topsoil quality. Rotating rice with an upland crop in a tropical paddy field may improve the soil physicochemical properties but effects on the soil nematode community are unknown. This study was conducted in a triple rice field to evaluate the responses of the nematode community to a crop rotation (the first rice in a year was replaced with sesame and soybean, and the second and third crops were rice) and to organic amendment. The experiment was based on a split-plot design with two factors that were crops (main factor, n = 3) and compost amendment (sub-factor, n = 3). The crops were rice, soybean, and sesame and the sub-factors were cow manure plus rice straw compost, sugarcane compost, and no amendment. Soil samples were taken at harvest of the first crops in topsoil (0-10 cm) and subsoil (10-20 cm) in 2017 and 2018. In 2018, the abundance of free-living nematodes (FLN), which were dominated by bacterivores and fungivores, was greater in upland crops, while that of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) was greater in paddy rice. In particular, the density of the most predominant PPN genus, Hirschmanniella, was lower in upland crops than in paddy rice. Cultivation of sesame also reduced the number of the second predominant PPN genus, Bitylenchus, resulted in an increase in the ratio of the free-living to plant-parasitic nematodes. The diversity evenness index (J), Shannon-Wiener (H') and Hill's indices increased in upland crops compared to those in rice fields in 2018. Crop rotation with sesame or soybean in a paddy field enhanced abundance and biodiversity of FLN and suppressed PPN and thus can be proposed for agricultural sustainability.
机译：长期密集型水稻单一栽培，三重水稻栽培（稻田每年培养三次）在越南，导致表土质量降低。在热带稻田中旋转米饭，在热带稻田中，可以改善土壤物理化学性质，但对土壤线性群落的影响是未知的。本研究在三重稻田中进行，以评估线虫群落对作物旋转的反应（一年中的第一个米饭被芝麻和大豆替换，第二和第三作物是水稻和有机修正。实验基于分裂图设计，具有两种因素，其中两种因素是作物（主要因素，n = 3）和堆肥修正案（子因素，n = 3）。作物是水稻，大豆和芝麻，子因素是牛粪加稻草堆肥，甘蔗堆肥，没有修正。在2017年和2018年的尸体（0-10cm）和底土（10-20厘米）的第一作物的收获中采集了土壤样品。2018年，由诱导菌群为主的自由活线虫（FLN）的丰富和功能性在高地作物中更大，而植物寄生线虫（PPN）在水稻中更大。特别地，最主要PPN属的密度Hirschmanniella在陆地作物中较低，而不是水稻。芝麻的培养也减少了二次主要PPN属的数量，BIYLENCHUS，导致自由生物与植物 - 寄生线虫的比例增加。与2018年的稻田中的陆地农作物相比，多样性均匀度指数（j）和山坡索引增加。稻田中芝麻或大豆的作物旋转增强了FLN的丰富和生物多样性，抑制了PPN因此可以提出农业可持续性。

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