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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Soil Ecology >Overhead tree canopy species has limited effect on leaf litter decomposition and decomposer communities in a floristically diverse, southern temperate rainforest
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Overhead tree canopy species has limited effect on leaf litter decomposition and decomposer communities in a floristically diverse, southern temperate rainforest

机译：架空树木冠层物种对南部温带雨林的花草垃圾分解和分解器社区的影响有限

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To decipher the < 30% of unexplained variation in leaf litter decomposition, a process important for nutrient cycling yet vulnerable to rising CO2 levels, numerous hypotheses have been proposed. The home-field advantage (HFA) hypothesis states that leaf litter decomposes more rapidly beneath canopies of tree species from which the leaves originate (home environment), than beneath other tree species. Most HFA studies typically involve reciprocal litter transplants between habitat types (i.e. forest vs. grassland) or successional stages (i.e. early vs. late). The mixed and often conflicting results pertaining to this hypothesis, mostly assessed at the landscape-level, merit a finer scale analysis of decomposition variability, i.e. at the tree species level. Despite homogenous litter build up close to any given tree individual in a mixed forest, along with evidence of varying decomposition rates under different tree species, we still lack basic understanding of forest floor decomposition dynamics at the tree species level, strongly driven by host selection by fungi as well as arthropod detritivores. To address these gaps, we first determined differences in decomposition rates between leaves of three dominant forest tree species. We then compared decomposition rates between leaf litter placed beneath the canopies of source species vs. non-source species in a mixed-tree natural, temperate rainforest, accounting for the activity of both fungi (microbiota) and arthropod detritivores (both meso- and macrofauna). We found that leaf-litter decomposition rates can differ significantly depending on the source-tree species. Despite this, we found no effect of overhead tree species on decomposition rates of leaf litter, irrespective whether under source species or non-source species. Only one species' leaf litter showed differences in arthropod diversity between leaf litter placed beneath source tree species vs. non-source species, with higher arthropod diversity in leaf litter placed beneath source trees. Also, arthropods here contributed significantly more than fungi to overall decomposition. However, bacteria (not measured here) may also have decomposed litter greatly, with litter loss not solely due to our focal groups. We conclude that, in a single, diverse forest, perhaps due to differences in litter fall rate and nutrient content of leaf litter, only some plant species might reveal small-scale patterns for detritivore diversity, with yet unknown effects overall decomposition. As such, landscape-level studies on decomposition should incorporate and account for the effects of tree species-level decomposition variability.
机译：为了破译叶凋落物分解的<30％的未解释的异常变异，对于营养循环而且易受CO 2水平的群体的过程，已经提出了许多假设。主场优势（HFA）假设指出，叶子凋落物在树木吞噬吞噬子檐篷中更快地分解，从中叶子源自（家庭环境），而不是其他树种。大多数HFA研究通常涉及栖息地类型（即森林与草原）或连续阶段之间的互惠凋落物移植（即，早期与晚期）。与该假设有关的混合和经常相互冲突的结果，大多评估在景观层面，优选分解变异性的更精细的比例分析，即在树种等级。尽管均匀的垃圾贴在混合森林中的任何给定的树质附近，但随着不同树种种类的分解率的证据，我们仍然缺乏对树种水平的森林分解动态的基本理解，受到主机选择的强烈驱动真菌以及节肢动物的Detritivores。为了解决这些差距，我们首先确定了三种主要森林树种叶片之间分解率的差异。然后，我们将叶子垃圾之间的分解率与在源物种的檐篷下方的筒仓之间进行比较。在混合树自然的温带雨林中，占真菌（Microbiota）和节肢动物Detritivores的活动（Meso-和Macrofauna）的活动）。我们发现，根据源树物种，叶窝分解率可能有显着差异。尽管如此，我们发现没有架空树种对叶窝的分解率的影响，无论是否在源种物种或非源种。只有一个物种的叶子凋落物在源树种类下面的叶子垃圾与非源种下面的叶子垫料之间的多样性显示出差异，在源树下的叶子垃圾中具有更高的节肢动物多样性。此外，这里的节肢动物显着促使对整体分解的真菌显着。然而，细菌（这里未测量）也可以很大地具有分解的垃圾，并且凋落物损失不仅是由于我们的焦点群体。我们得出结论，在一个多样化的森林中，也许是由于由于凋落物的凋落物落下率和营养含量的差异，但只有一些植物物种可能会揭示用于碎屑多样性的小规模模式，但整体分解的效果未知。因此，对分解的景观级别研究应包括并占树种级别分解变异性的影响。

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