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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Virologica: International Journal >Molecular evolution of oral poliovirus vaccine strains during multiplication in humans and possible implications for global eradication of poliovirus.
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Molecular evolution of oral poliovirus vaccine strains during multiplication in humans and possible implications for global eradication of poliovirus.

机译：口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗株在人类繁殖过程中的分子进化及其对全球根除脊髓灰质炎病毒的潜在影响。

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The oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has been effectively used in the control of poliomyelitis and in the eradication of wild polioviruses. Although there are many advantages in using attenuated OPV strains in the campaign to eradicate poliomyelitis, several studies have demonstrated that there are some disadvantages such as (a) excretion by vaccines of OPV-derived polioviruses with genomic modifications known to increase the neurovirulence, (b) appearance of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and other adverse effects in vaccinees, (c) occurrence of persistent infections caused by OPV-derived strains in immunodeficient patients with VAPP, (d) transmission of OPV-derived polioviruses to susceptible individuals which develop VAPP, and (e) detection of OPV-derived polioviruses in the environment, which could be a source of infection for humans in the future. Different studies indicate that it is important to consider the possibility of persistent infections and excretion of OPV-derived polioviruses for long periods by humans, and also the survival in the environment of OPV-derived polioviruses excreted by humans, which could be transmitted and circulate in a non-immune population after stopping poliovirus vaccination. The findings reported here may have important implications for global poliomyelitis eradication initiative and indicate that surveillance of OPV-derived strains will also be important in the final step of eradication of poliomyelitis from the planet.
机译：口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（OPV）已有效地用于控制脊髓灰质炎和根除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。尽管在运动中使用减毒的OPV毒株根除脊髓灰质炎有许多优势，但一些研究表明存在一些不利条件，例如（a）已知具有基因组修饰的OPV衍生的脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗排泄已知会增加神经毒性，（b ）疫苗相关性麻痹性脊髓灰质炎（VAPP）的出现以及疫苗中的其他不良影响，（c）在免疫缺陷性VAPP患者中由OPV衍生株引起的持续感染的发生，（d）OPV衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒向易感个体的传播开发VAPP，以及（e）在环境中检测OPV衍生的脊髓灰质炎病毒，这可能是将来人类感染的来源。不同的研究表明，重要的是要考虑到人类长期感染OPV脊髓灰质炎病毒并从其排泄的可能性，以及人类分泌的OPV脊髓灰质炎病毒在环境中的生存情况，这些病毒可以在这些环境中传播和传播。停止脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗接种后的非免疫人群。此处报道的发现可能对全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动具有重要意义，并表明对OPV衍生株的监测在从地球根除脊髓灰质炎的最后一步中也将很重要。

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