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首页> 外文期刊>ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part B. Mechanical Engineering >Evaluating the Potential for Gasoline Geysering From Small Engine Fuel Tanks
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Evaluating the Potential for Gasoline Geysering From Small Engine Fuel Tanks

机译：评估小型发动机燃料箱的汽油喷射潜力

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This paper explores an infrequently encountered hazard associated with liquid fuel tanks on gasoline-powered equipment using unvented fuel tanks. Depending on the location of fuel reserve tanks, waste heat from the engine or other vehicle systems can warm the fuel during operation. In the event that the fuel tank is not vented and if the fuel is sufficiently heated, the liquid fuel may become superheated and pose a splash hazard if the fuel cap is suddenly removed. Accident reports often describe the ejection of liquid as a geyser. This geyser is a transient, two-phase flow of flashing liquid. This could create a fire hazard and result in splashing flammable liquid onto any bystanders. Many existing fuel tank systems are vented to ambient through a vented tank cap. It has been empirically determined that the hazard can be prevented by limiting fuel tank gauge pressure to 10?kPa (1.5?psi). However, if the cap does not vent at an adequate rate, pressure in the tank can rise and the fuel can become superheated. This phenomenon is explored here to facilitate a better understanding of how the hazard is created. The nature of the hazard is explained using thermodynamic concepts. The differences in behavior between a closed system and an open system are discussed and illustrated through experimental results obtained from two sources: experiments with externally heated fuel containers and operation of a gasoline-powered riding lawn mower. The role of the vented fuel cap in preventing the geyser phenomenon is demonstrated.
机译：本文探讨了使用未辩护的燃料箱与汽油动力设备上的液体燃料箱相关的令人常见的危险。根据燃料储备罐的位置，来自发动机或其他车辆系统的废热可以在操作期间温暖燃料。如果燃料箱未通气，并且如果燃料充分加热，则液体燃料可能会过热，并且如果燃料帽突然移除，则可能会造成飞溅危险。事故报告经常将液体喷射为间歇泉。该间歇泉是瞬态的两相流动闪烁的液体。这可能会产生火灾危害，导致将易燃液体溅到任何旁观者上。许多现有的燃料箱系统通过通风罐盖排放到环境。经验证明，通过将燃料箱计压力限制为10 kPa（1.5≤psi），可以防止危害。但是，如果盖子不以足够的速率发泄，则罐中的压力可以上升，燃料可以过热。此处探讨了这种现象，以便更好地了解如何创建危害。使用热力学概念来解释危害的性质。通过从两个来源获得的实验结果讨论和说明了封闭系统和开放系统之间的行为的差异：具有外部加热燃料容器的实验和汽油动力骑行割草机的操作。证实了通风燃料帽在防止间歇泉现象中的作用。

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