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首页> 外文期刊>Autoimmune diseases >[~18F] -Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography Scan Should Be Obtained Early in Cases of Autoimmune Encephalitis
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[~18F] -Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography Scan Should Be Obtained Early in Cases of Autoimmune Encephalitis

机译：[〜18F] - 氟 - 脱氧 - 葡萄糖正电子断层扫描应在自身免疫性脑炎病例提前获得

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Introduction. Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a clinically challenging diagnosis with nonspecific neurological symptoms. Prompt diagnosis is important and often relies on neuroimaging. We present a case series of AE highlighting the importance of an early [~18F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan. Methods. Retrospective review of seven consecutive cases of autoimmune encephalitis. Results. All patients had both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and FDG-PET scans. Initial clinical presentations included altered mental status and/or new onset seizures. Six cases had serum voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibody and one had serum N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antibody. MRI of brain showed mesial temporal lobe hyperintensity in five cases of VGKC. The other two patients with VGKC or NMDA AE had restiform body hyperintensity on MRI brain or a normal MRI, respectively. Mesial temporal lobe hypermetabolism was noted in three cases on FDG-PET, despite initial unremarkable MRI. Malignancy workup was negative in all patients. Conclusion. A high index of suspicion for AE should be maintained in patients presenting with cognitive symptoms, seizures, and limbic changes on neuroimaging. In cases with normal initial brain MRI, FDG-PET can be positive. Additionally, extralimbic hyperintensity on MRI may also be observed.
机译：介绍。自身免疫性脑炎（AE）是一种临床挑战性诊断，无特异性神经症状。提示诊断是重要的，并且往往依赖于神经影像体。我们提出了一个案例系列AE，突出了[〜18F] - 氟 - 脱氧 - 葡萄糖正电子断层扫描（FDG-PET）扫描的重要性。方法。自身免疫性脑炎连续患者的回顾性评论。结果。所有患者均有磁共振成像（MRI）和FDG-PET扫描。初始临床演示包括改变的心理状态和/或新发病癫痫发作。 6例患者具有血清电压门控钾通道（VGKC）抗体，一种具有血清N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）抗体。大脑MRI在VGKC的五个案例中显示了患有型颞叶超细度。另外两名VGKC或NMDA AE患者分别对MRI脑或普通MRI进行了骨折的主体超高度。尽管初始不起级MRI，但在FDG-PET的三种病例中注意到了薄层颞叶过度代谢。所有患者的恶性疗法都是阴性的。结论。对于患有认知症状，癫痫发作和神经影像动物的肢体变化的患者，应保持对AE的高度疑似。在患有正常初始脑MRI的情况下，FDG-PET可以是正的。另外，还可以观察到MRI上的替代超高度。

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