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Organosulfates in Atlanta, Georgia: anthropogenic influences on biogenic secondary organic aerosol formation

机译：亚特兰大的有机硫酸盐，格鲁吉亚：对生物学二次有机气溶胶形成的人类学影响

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Organosulfates are secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products that form from reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), such as isoprene, in the presence of sulfate that is primarily emitted by fossil fuel combustion. This study examines the anthropogenic influence on biogenic organosulfate formation at an urban site in Atlanta, Georgia (GA) in the southeastern United States (US). Organosulfates were analyzed in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected during August 2015 in Atlanta using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), and high-resolution time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometry. By their MS/MS response, 32 major organosulfate species were identified, selected species were quantified, and other species were semi-quantified using surrogate standards. Organosulfates accounted for 16.5 % of PM2.5 organic carbon (OC). Isoprene-derived organosulfates were the most abundant, dominated by methyltetrol sulfate which accounted for 12.6 % of PM2.5 OC. Together, the isoprene-derived organosulfates accounted for the majority of the isoprene-derived SOA that had been previously observed in Atlanta, but had not been identified at the molecular level. Other major species included seven monoterpenederived organosulfates, five diesel and/or biodiesel-derived organosulfates, and three new organosulfates that are also expected to derive from isoprene. Organosulfate species and concentrations in Atlanta were compared to those in a rural forested site in Centreville, Alabama (AL) during summer 2013, which were also dominated by isoprene-derived organosulfates. In Atlanta, isoprene-derived organosulfate concentrations were 2-6 times higher and accounted for twice as much OC. The greatest enhancement in concentration was observed for 2-methylglyceric acid sulfate whose formation is enhanced in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2; NOx) and is a tracer for isoprene high-NOx SOA. The isoprene-derived organosulfates indicated a
机译：有机硫酸盐是二级有机气溶胶（SOA）产品，其在挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的反应中，例如异戊二烯，在主要被化石燃料燃烧的硫酸盐存在下。本研究探讨了在美国东南部（美国）佐治亚州亚特兰大（GA）的城市遗址上生物素有机硫酸盐形成的人为影响。在使用亲水相互作用液相色谱（HILIC），串联质谱（MS / MS）和高分辨率的飞行时间（TOF）质谱法，在2015年8月期间收集的细颗粒物质（PM2.5）分析了有机硫酸盐。和高分辨率的飞行时间（TOF）质谱法。通过它们的MS / MS反应，鉴定了32种主要有机硫酸盐物种，定量了所选物种，使用替代标准进行半定量物种。有机硫酸盐占PM2.5有机碳（OC）的16.5％。异戊二烯衍生的有机硫酸盐是最丰富的，由甲基四硫酸甲基硫酸盐占PM2.5 oc的12.6％。在一起，异戊二烯衍生的有机硫酸盐占先前在亚特兰达观察到的异戊二烯衍生的SOA，但尚未在分子水平上鉴定。其他主要物种包括七种单萜封化有机硫酸盐，五种柴油和/或生物柴油衍生的有机硫酸盐，以及3种新的有机硫酸盐，也预期来自异戊二烯。将有机硫酸盐物种和亚特兰大的浓度与2013年夏季夏季亚拉巴马（AL）中的农村森林植物植物中的浓度进行了比较，其也由异戊二烯衍生的有机硫酸盐支配。在亚特兰达中，异戊二烯衍生的有机硫酸盐浓度高2-6倍，占OC的两倍。对于2-甲基甘氨酸硫酸盐，观察到浓度的最大增强，其在存在氮氧化物（NO和NO 2; NOx）中的形成，并且是异戊二烯高NOx SOA的示踪剂。异戊二烯衍生的有机硫酸盐表示

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