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Mechanisms of Natural Killer Cell Evasion Through Viral Adaptation

机译：天然杀伤细胞逃避通过病毒自适应的机制

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摘要

The continuous interactions between host and pathogens during their co-evolution have shaped both the immune system and the countermeasures used by pathogens. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that are considered central players in the antiviral response. Not only do they express a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors to discriminate and eliminate target cells but they can also produce immunoregulatory cytokines to alert the immune system. Reciprocally, several unrelated viruses including cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, influenza virus, and dengue virus have evolved a multitude of mechanisms to evade NK cell function, such as the targeting of pathways for NK cell receptors and their ligands, apoptosis, and cytokine-mediated signaling. The studies discussed in this article provide further insights into the antiviral function of NK cells and the pathways involved, their constituent proteins, and ways in which they could be manipulated for host benefit.
机译：宿主和病原体之间的连续相互作用在其共进过程中形成了免疫系统和病原体使用的对策。天然杀伤（NK）细胞是先天淋巴细胞，被认为是抗病毒反应中的中央球员。它们不仅表达了各种抑制和激活的受体来区分和消除靶细胞，但它们还可以产生免疫调节细胞因子以提醒免疫系统。相当，几种不相关的病毒，包括细胞瘤病毒，人免疫缺陷病毒，流感病毒和登革病毒已经发展了避免NK细胞功能的多种机制，例如NK细胞受体的靶向靶向和它们的配体，细胞凋亡和细胞因子介导的靶向信令。本文讨论的研究提供了进一步的见解，进一步了解NK细胞的抗病毒功能和所涉及的途径，其成分蛋白质和可以操纵宿主益处的方式。

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