Annual Review of Marine Science Mechanisms and Pathways of Small-Phytoplankton Export from the Surface Ocean

Tammi L. Richardson

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Annual Review of Marine Science Mechanisms and Pathways of Small-Phytoplankton Export from the Surface Ocean

机译：海洋科学机制的年度审查和表面海洋小型浮游植物的途径

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Carbon fixation by phytoplankton near the surface and the sinking of this particulate material to deeper waters are key components of the biological carbon pump. The efficiency of the biological pump is influenced by the size and taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton community. Large, heavily ballasted taxa such as diatoms sink quickly and thus efficiently remove fixed carbon from the upper ocean. Smaller, nonballasted species such as picoplanktonic cyanobacteria are usually thought to contribute little to export production. Research in the past decade, however, has shed new light on the potential importance of small phytoplankton to carbon export, especially in oligotrophic oceans, where small cells dominate primary productivity. Here, I examine the mechanisms and pathways through which small-phytoplankton carbon is exported from the surface ocean and the role of small phytoplankton in food webs of a variety of ocean ecosystems.

机译：通过浮游植物附近表面的碳固定和该颗粒材料的下沉到更深的水域是生物碳泵的关键部件。生物泵的效率受到浮游植物群落的大小和分类组成的影响。大型，重型镇流器，如硅藻水池，从而有效地从上海中取出固定的碳。通常，诸如Picoplanktonic Cyanobacteria的较小，非耐火物种通常被认为有助于出口生产。然而，过去十年的研究已经阐述了小型浮游植物对碳出口的潜在重要性，特别是在寡营海洋中，小细胞主导初级生产力。在这里，我研究了小植物植物碳的机制和途径从表面海洋出口和小型浮游植物在各种海洋生态系统的食物网中的作用。

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《Annual review of marine science》 |2019年第1期|共18页
作者
Tammi L. Richardson;
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作者单位

Department of Biological Sciences and School of the Earth Ocean and Environment University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina 29208 USA;

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原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类海洋学;
关键词
Mechanisms; Pathways; Small-Phytoplankton Export from;

机译：机制;途径;小型植物出口来自;

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1. Annual Review of Marine Science Mechanisms and Pathways of Small-Phytoplankton Export from the Surface Ocean [J] . Tammi L. Richardson Annual review of marine science . 2019,第1期

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2. Annual Review of Marine Science Biologically Generated Mixing in the Ocean [J] . Eric Kunze Annual review of marine science . 2019,第1期

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3. Annual Review of Marine Science The Variable Southern Ocean Carbon Sink [J] . Nicolas Gruber, Peter Landschützer, Nicole S. Lovenduski Annual review of marine science . 2019,第1期

机译：海洋科学年度审查变量南海碳汇
4. Aquatic Science Education Pathway from Headwaters to Ocean is a Model for Place-Based Experiential Learning for Protecting and Stewarding Gulf States' Freshwater and Marine Resources [C] . Rudolph A. Rosen, Erin Scanlon, Johnnie Smith Convention of the Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies American Association of Petroleum Geologists Sectional Meeting . 2016

机译：来自海洋的地球水生科学教育途径是一种基于地方的体验学习模型，用于保护和保守海湾国家的淡水和海洋资源
5. Diagnosis of the marine stratocumulus cloud variability in the annual cycle over the eastern tropical Pacific and Atlantic oceans. [D] . Shin, Jinho. 2007

机译：在东部热带太平洋和大西洋的年循环中对海洋层积云的变化进行诊断。
6. Marine drugs for cancer: surfacing biotechnological innovations from the oceans [O] . Paula Christine Jimenez, Diego Veras Wilke, Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo 2018

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7. The oceans mediate the response of global climate to natural and anthropogenic forcings. Yet for the past 2,000 years — a key interval for understanding the present and future climate response to these forcings — global sea surface temperature changes and the underlying driving mechanisms are poorly constrained. Here we present a global synthesis of sea surface temperatures for the Common Era (ce) derived from 57 individual marine reconstructions that meet strict quality control criteria. We observe a cooling trend from 1 to 1800 ce that is robust against explicit tests for potential biases in the reconstructions. Between 801 and 1800 ce, the surface cooling trend is qualitatively consistent with an independent synthesis of terrestrial temperature reconstructions, and with a sea surface temperature composite derived from an ensemble of climate model simulations using best estimates of past external radiative forcings. Climate simulations using single and cumulative forcings suggest that the ocean surface cooling trend from 801 to 1800 ce is not primarily a response to orbital forcing but arises from a high frequency of explosive volcanism. Our results show that repeated clusters of volcanic eruptions can induce a net negative radiative forcing that results in a centennial and global scale cooling trend via a decline in mixed-layer oceanic heat content. [O] . McGregor, Helen V., Evans, Michael N., Goosse, Hugues, 2015

机译：海洋调节了全球气候对自然和人为强迫的响应。然而，在过去的2,000年中（这是了解当前和未来气候对这些强迫的响应的关键间隔），全球海表温度变化及其潜在的驱动机制受到的约束很有限。在这里，我们提出了一个共同的时期（ce）的全球海面温度的全球综合，该综合来自57个符合严格质量控制标准的海洋重建项目。我们观察到从1到1800 ce的冷却趋势，对于显式测试重建中潜在的偏倚而言，该趋势很稳健。在801至1800 ce之间，表面降温趋势在质量上与地面温度重建的独立合成以及从使用过去外部辐射强迫的最佳估计的气候模型模拟集合推导出的海面温度合成在质量上是一致的。使用单一和累积强迫的气候模拟表明，从801到1800 ce的海洋表面冷却趋势主要不是对轨道强迫的反应，而是爆炸性火山爆发的频繁发生。我们的结果表明，火山喷发的反复簇可引起净的负辐射强迫，这会导致混合层海洋热量降低而导致百年和全球规模的降温趋势。

Annual Review of Marine Science Mechanisms and Pathways of Small-Phytoplankton Export from the Surface Ocean

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