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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of applied mechanics >Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs): Shaping the Innate Immune Response in Cancers
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Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs): Shaping the Innate Immune Response in Cancers

机译：人类内源性逆转录病毒（Hervs）：在癌症中塑造天生的免疫反应

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摘要

Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are accounting for 8% of the human genome. These sequences are remnants from ancient germline infections by exogenous retroviruses. After million years of evolution and multiple integrations, HERVs have acquired many damages rendering them defective. At steady state, HERVs are mostly localized in the heterochromatin and silenced by methylation. Multiple conditions have been described to induce their reactivation, including auto-immune diseases and cancers. HERVs re-expression leads to RNA (simple and double-stranded) and DNA production (by reverse transcription), modulating the innate immune response. Some studies also argue for a role of HERVs in shaping the evolution of innate immunity, notably in the development of the interferon response. However, their exact role in the innate immune response, particularly in cancer, remains to be defined. In this review, we see how HERVs could be key-players in mounting an antitumor immune response. After a brief introduction on HERVs characteristics and biology, we review the different mechanisms by which HERVs can interact with the immune system, with a focus on the innate response. We then discuss the potential impact of HERVs expression on the innate immune response in cancer.
机译：人类内源性逆转录病毒（HERVS）占人类基因组的8％。这些序列由外源逆转录病毒的古代种系感染的残余物。经过百万年的进化和多元集成，Hervs已经获得了许多损害，使他们有缺陷。在稳定状态下，Hervs主要是在异铬胺酰胺中的局部化，并通过甲基化沉默。已经描述了多种病症来诱导其重新激活，包括自身免疫疾病和癌症。 Hervs重新表达导致RNA（简单和双链）和DNA产生（通过逆转录），调节先天免疫应答。一些研究还争辩患者在培养先天免疫力的演变方面的作用争论，特别是在干扰素反应的发展中。然而，它们在先天免疫反应中的确切作用，特别是在癌症中仍有待定义。在这篇综述中，我们了解Hervs如何成为安装抗肿瘤免疫应答的关键球员。在简要介绍Hervs特征和生物学之后，我们审查了Hervs可以与免疫系统互动的不同机制，重点是先天反应。然后，我们探讨患者对癌症的先天免疫反应的潜在影响。

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