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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of developmental neuroscience: the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience >Docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n‐3: Its roles in the structure and function of the brain
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Docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n‐3: Its roles in the structure and function of the brain

机译：二十二碳六烯酸，22：6N-3：其作用在大脑的结构和功能中

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Docosahexaenoic acid,22:6n‐3 (DHA) and its metabolites are vital for the structure and functional brain development of the fetus and infants, and also for maintenance of healthy brain function of adults. DHA is thought to be an essential nutrient required throughout the life cycle for the maintenance of overall brain health. The mode of actions of DHA and its derivatives at both cellular and molecular levels in the brain are emerging. DHA is the major prevalent fatty acid in the brain membrane. The brain maintains its fatty acid levels mainly via the uptake of plasma free fatty acids. Therefore, circulating plasma DHA is significantly related to cognitive abilities during ageing and is inversely associated with cognitive decline. The signaling pathways of DHA and its metabolites are involved in neurogenesis, antinociceptive effects, anti‐apoptotic effect, synaptic plasticity, Ca 2+ homeostasis in brain diseases, and the functioning of nigrostriatal activities. Mechanisms of action of DHA metabolites on various processes in the brain are not yet well known. Epidemiological studies support a link between low habitual intake of DHA and a higher risk of brain disorders. A diet characterized by higher intakes of foods containing high in n‐3 fatty acids, and/or lower intake of n‐6 fatty acids was strongly associated with a lower Alzheimer's Disease and other brain disorders. Supplementation of DHA improves some behaviors associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and impulsive behavior, as well as cognition. Nevertheless, the outcomes of trials with DHA supplementation have been controversial. Many intervention studies with DHA have shown an apparent benefit in brain function. However, clinical trials are needed for definitive conclusions. Dietary deficiency of n‐3 fatty acids during fetal development in utero and the postnatal state has detrimental effects on cognitive abilities. Further research in humans is required to assess a variety of clinical outcomes, including quality of life and mental status, by supplementation of DHA.
机译：二十二碳六烯酸，22：6N-3（DHA）及其代谢物对胎儿和婴儿的结构和功能性脑发育至关重要，以及维持成人的健康脑功能。 DHA被认为是整个生命周期所需的基本营养素，用于维持整体脑健康。 DHA和其衍生物在大脑中细胞和分子水平的作用方式正在出现。 DHA是脑膜中的主要普遍脂肪酸。大脑主要通过血浆游离脂肪酸的吸收来维持其脂肪酸水平。因此，循环血浆DHA与老化期间的认知能力显着相关，并且与认知下降反向相关。 DHA及其代谢物的信号通路参与神经发生，抗血质效果，抗凋亡效应，突触塑性，CA 2+患者脑病中的宿神，以及患有人的功能。 DHA代谢物对大脑各种过程的作用机制尚不清楚。流行病学研究支持DHA的低习惯性摄入和脑疾病风险较高的联系。一种含有高于N-3脂肪酸中含有高的食物的饮食，以及/或较低的N-6脂肪酸摄入量与较低的阿尔茨海默病和其他脑疾病强烈有关。 DHA的补充改善了与注意力缺陷多动障碍，双相障碍，精神分裂症和冲动行为相关的一些行为，以及认知。然而，DHA补充的试验结果已经存在争议。许多患有DHA的干预研究表明脑功能中的明显益处。但是，最终结论需要临床试验。在子宫胎儿发育过程中N-3脂肪酸的膳食缺乏，产后状态对认知能力有害影响。通过补充DHA，需要评估人类的进一步研究，包括评估各种临床结果，包括生活质量和精神状态。

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