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Improving password memorability, while not inconveniencing the user

机译：提高密码令人难忘，而不是不方便的用户

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摘要

Passwords are the most frequently used authentication mechanism. However, due to increased password numbers, there has been an increase in insecure password behaviors (e.g., password reuse). Therefore, new and innovative ways are needed to increase password memorability and security. Typically, users are asked to input their passwords once in order to access the system, and twice to verify the password, when they create a new account. But what if users were asked to input their passwords three or four times when they create new accounts? In this study, three groups of participants were asked to verify their passwords once (control group), twice, and three times (two experimental groups). Psychological literature suggests that applying repetition in learning to the password process has significant effects on password memorability. However, previous password research has found a trade-off between password security and memorability, and more recently, user convenience. Our results suggest that verifying passwords three times can increase password memorability from 42% (verifying passwords just once as with current practices) to 70%. Even by increasing the verification to just two times can increase password memorability by 17%. However, we found that through increasing the number of verifications did not equate to a decrease in user convenience. What this means is that small changes to the password verification stage can have significant results on password memorability while not necessarily inconveniencing the user. The implications of these results could ultimately have a positive effect on password security, and the consequences of forgetting passwords.
机译：密码是最常用的身份验证机制。但是，由于密码数增加，不安全的密码行为（例如，密码重用）增加了。因此，需要新的和创新的方式来提高密码难忘和安全性。通常，要求用户一次输入他们的密码，以便访问系统，并在创建新帐户时两次验证密码。但是，如果要求用户在创建新帐户时输入他们的密码三到四次？在本研究中，要求三组参与者验证其密码一次（对照组），两次和三次（两个实验组）。心理文献表明，在学习到密码过程时对应用程序对密码难忘作用有显着影响。但是，之前的密码研究发现密码安全性和令人难忘之间的权衡，最近，用户的便利性。我们的结果表明，验证密码三次可以从42％增加密码难忘（验证密码，就像当前实践一样）到70％。即使通过将验证提高到仅两次可以提高密码难忘17％。然而，我们发现，通过增加验证的数量并没有等同于用户方便的减少。这意味着对密码验证阶段的小型更改可能对密码难忘性具有重要结果，同时不一定不为人意。这些结果的含义最终可能对密码安全性产生积极影响，以及忘记密码的后果。

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