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首页> 外文期刊>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences >Olive tree survival and adaptation to the harsh growing conditions in the arid desert environment of the Negev Highlands, Southern Israel
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Olive tree survival and adaptation to the harsh growing conditions in the arid desert environment of the Negev Highlands, Southern Israel

机译：橄榄树生存与适应南以色列南部的内肯·高地干旱沙漠环境中的恶劣日益增长的条件

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摘要

Twenty-three olive trees were found to grow in traditional orchard sites in the Negev Highlands desert, southern Israel. Their location was marked on maps, and their growth, morphology, biology, preservation and survival was monitored. Some of them are presently maintained by the Bedouin population of the Negev, whereas others seemed to have survived from earlier periods. The average annual rainfall in this region is 90-130 mm. Most of the orchards were deliberately planted in preexisting agricultural plots, built during the Byzantine and Early Muslim era (3rd-8th centuries CE). They were irrigated by harvesting runoff water. The Byzantine era was the most populated period in the Negev Highlands, when wine and olive oil were the main horticultural products. A variety of domesticated fruit trees are found in the present abandoned orchards: olive, fig, grapevine, pomegranate, almond, date palm, carob, pistachio and bitter orange. The trees have not been artificially irrigated for at least seven decades. Nevertheless, most of them continue to flourish and bear fruit. We focused on understanding the abandoned olive trees' survival and adaptation mechanisms. Olive trees growing was a favorite crop to Byzantine farmers due to the significant economic value of olive oil and good adaptation to the environmental conditions in the Negev Highlands.
机译：发现二十三棵橄榄树在以色列南部地区内肯德高地沙漠中的传统果园遗址生长。他们的位置在地图上标记，并监测了它们的生长，形态，生物学，保存和生存。他们中的一些人是由Negev的贝都因人群维护，而其他人似乎从早些时候幸存下来。该地区的平均降雨量为90-130毫米。大多数果园都被故意种植在预先存在的农业地块中，建造在拜占庭和早期的穆斯林时代（第3-8世纪Ce）。通过收获径流水来灌溉它们。当葡萄酒和橄榄油是主要的园艺产品时，拜占庭时代是内盖高地最具人口稠密的时期。在目前的果园中发现了各种驯养的果树：橄榄，无花果，葡萄，石榴，杏仁，枣椰树，卡罗布，开心果和苦橙。树木尚未人工灌溉至少七十年。尽管如此，他们中的大多数都会继续蓬勃发展和熊果。我们专注于了解废弃的橄榄树生存和适应机制。由于橄榄油的显着经济价值以及对Negev高地环境条件的良好适应，橄榄树生长是拜占庭农民的最受欢迎的作物。

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