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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological engineering: The Journal of Ecotechnology >Changes in soil properties in the soil profile after mining and reclamation in an opencast coal mine on the Loess Plateau, China
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Changes in soil properties in the soil profile after mining and reclamation in an opencast coal mine on the Loess Plateau, China

机译：中国黄土高原Opencast煤矿矿业和垦区土壤剖面中土壤性质的变化

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Surface mining involves drastic disturbances to regional ecosystem and soil properties. Recovery of soil physicochemical characteristics is essential for successful restoration of the landscape and the soil itself after mining. To identify the changes in the soil profile after mining and reclamation, we studied the soils of the largest opencast coal mine in China, Pingshuo, located in the Loess Plateau. Soil samples representing three different land use types and six different reclamation times were collected in the soil profiles (0-100 cm) in 2012 and were analyzed for field capacity, bulk density, pH, soil organic matter (SOM), N, P, K, available P, and available K.Results showed that most reclaimed mine soil properties (including bulk density, pH, P, K, available P and available K) increased in comparison with those of the natural soils, whereas SOM and N decreased after mining and reclamation, especially in the topsoil (0-40 cm). Trend lines of P and available K in the reclaimed mine soils and natural soils were similar tested by Anova. Trend lines of P in the natural soils, and pH, P and K in the reclaimed mine soils were relatively stable and showed no difference in the soil profile (P< 0.05). Soil properties and their trend lines in forest land were more similar to natural soils than were cultivated land and grass land in deeper (60-100 cm) soil layers. Reclamation time (time that has passed after reclamation was finished) was positively associated with SOM, N, P, and available P in cultivated land; pH decreased with the increase of reclamation time in forest land but N showed the opposite trend; pH and P were positively correlated with reclamation time but K and available K showed negative relationships with reclamation time in grassland. Bulk density vs. field capacity and available K vs. pH showed significant correlations in the soil profile (0-100 cm) (P< 0.05). Significant correlations were also observed for available K vs. bulk density in the topsoil layer (0-30 cm) and bottom layer (below 60cm) (P < 0.05). P and pH showed positively significant correlation in the subsoil layer (30-60cm) and bottom layer (below 60cm) (P < 0.05). Most of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Hg) of cultivated land exceeded their corresponding background values in Shanxi province, where our sites were located. However, compared with Chinese soil guidelines (Grade II values) (GB15618-1995), heavy metals were all below the threshold values. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：表面挖掘涉及对区域生态系统和土壤性质的激烈紊乱。土壤物理化学特征的回收对于矿业后成功恢复景观和土壤本身至关重要。为了确定采矿和填海后土壤剖面的变化，我们研究了中国最大的露天煤矿土壤，位于黄土高原。在2012年的土壤型材（0-100厘米）中收集了代表三种不同土地使用类型和六种不同的填充时间的土壤样品，并分析了现场能力，散装密度，pH，土壤有机物（SOM），N，P， K，可用的P和可用的K.Results显示，与天然土壤的那些相比，最新的矿山土壤性质（包括堆积密度，pH，P，K，可用P和可用k）增加采矿和垦殖，特别是在表土（0-40厘米）。再生矿山土壤和自然土壤中P和可用潮流的趋势线是类似的Anova测试。在自然土壤中P的P趋势线，再生矿山土壤中的pH，P和K相对稳定，土壤剖面没有差异（P <0.05）。林地的土壤性质及其趋势线与天然土壤更类似于耕地和草地更深（60-100厘米）的土层。回收时间（结束后通过的时间）与耕地中的SOM，N，P和可用P呈正相关;在森林地区的回收时间的增加，pH值下降，但是n表现出相反的趋势; pH和p与回收时间呈正相关，但K和可用的K显示出与草地的回收时间的负面关系。散装密度与现场容量和可用的K与pH在土壤曲线（0-100cm）中显示出显着的相关性（P <0.05）。在表土层（0-30cm）和底层（低于60cm）中，也可以观察到显着的相关性的k与堆积密度（p <0.05）。 P和pH在底层层（30-60cm）和底层（低于60cm）中表现出肯定的相关性（P <0.05）。耕地的大多数重金属（如CD，Cr，Cu，Pb和Hg）超出了山西省的相应背景值，我们的网站位于山西省。然而，与中国土壤指南（II级值）相比（GB15618-1995），重金属均低于阈值。 （c）2016年由Elsevier B.V发布。

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