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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Active channel width as a proxy of sediment supply from mining sites in New Caledonia
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Active channel width as a proxy of sediment supply from mining sites in New Caledonia

机译：积极的通道宽度作为新喀里多尼亚采矿网站的沉积物供应的代理

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Although the channel morphology of upland fluvial systems is known to be strongly controlled by sediment supply from hillslopes, it is still difficult to isolate this effect from the other controlling factors of channel forms, such as the sediment transport capacity (depending notably on the size of the catchment) and local conditions (e.g. confinement, riparian vegetation, valley-floor slope). The rivers in New Caledonia offer an interesting field laboratory to isolate the morphological effect of contrasted sediment supply conditions. Some of these rivers are known to be highly impacted by the coarse sediment waves induced by the mining of nickel deposits that started in the early 1870s, which was particularly intensive between the 1940s and 1970s. The propagation of the sediment pulses from the mining sites can be traced by the presence of wide and aggraded active channels along the stream network of nickel-rich peridotite massifs. A first set of 63 undisturbed catchments in peridotite massifs distributed across the Grande Terre was used to fit a classic scaling law between active channel width and drainage area. A second set of 86 impacted sites, where the presence of sediment waves was clearly attested by recent aerial imagery, showed systematically wider active channels, with a width ratio around 5 (established from the intercept ratio of width-area power laws). More importantly, this second set of disturbed sites confirmed that the residual of active channel widths, computed from the scaling law of undisturbed sites, is statistically positively related to the catchment-scale relative area of major mining sediment sources. It is therefore confirmed that the characterization of sediment supply conditions is crucial for the understanding of spatial patterns of active channel width, and this should be more thoroughly considered in morphological studies of rivers draining environments with contrasted geomorphic activities on hillslopes. (c) 2018 John Wiley & Sons,
机译：尽管已知通过山坡沉积物供应强烈控制普通河流系统的通道形态，但仍然难以将这种效应与信道形式的其他控制因子隔离，例如沉积物传输能力（值得注意的是集水区）和当地条件（例如限制，河岸植被，山谷坡度）。新喀里多尼亚的河流提供了一个有趣的现场实验室，以隔离对比沉积物供应条件的形态学效应。已知一些这些河流受到在180年代初开始的镍沉积物的开采诱导的粗沉积波，这在20世纪40年代和20世纪70年代之间特别密集。沉淀脉冲从采矿位点的繁殖可以通过沿富镍的恒星质量的流网络存在宽和致密的活性通道来跟踪。在宏伟的Terre分布在Grande Terre的PeridoTite Massifs中的第一组63个未受干扰的集水器用于在有源通道宽度和排水区域之间符合经典的缩放法。第二组86个受影响的位点，其中最近的空中图像清楚地证明了沉积物波的存在，系统地呈现宽度比5的宽度比（从宽度区域动力定律的拦截比建立）。更重要的是，该第二组受扰动的位点证实，从未受干扰的位点的扩展法计算的有源通道宽度的残余与主要采矿沉积物来源的集距表相对区域有统计呈正呈正呈正呈正相关。因此，证实沉积物供应条件的表征对于了解有源通道宽度的空间模式至关重要，并且应该更彻底地考虑在河流的河流排放环境中的形态学研究中。 （c）2018 John Wiley＆Sons，

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