Modelling soil moisture in a high‐latitude landscape using LiDAR and soil data

Kemppinen Julia; Niittynen Pekka; Riihim?ki Henri; Luoto Miska

摘要

Abstract > Soil moisture has a pronounced effect on earth surface processes. Global soil moisture is strongly driven by climate, whereas at finer scales, the role of non‐climatic drivers becomes more important. We provide insights into the significance of soil and land surface properties in landscape‐scale soil moisture variation by utilizing high‐resolution light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and extensive field investigations. The data consist of 1200 study plots located in a high‐latitude landscape of mountain tundra in north‐western Finland. We measured the plots three times during growing season 2016 with a hand‐held time‐domain reflectometry sensor. To model soil moisture and its temporal variation, we used four statistical modelling methods: generalized linear models, generalized additive models, boosted regression trees, and random forests. The model fit of the soil moisture models were <fi>R</fi> 2 = 0.60 and root mean square error (RMSE) 8.04 VWC% on average, while the temporal variation models showed a lower fit of <fi>R</fi> 2 = 0.25 and RMSE 13.11 CV%. The predictive performances for the former were <fi>R</fi> 2 = 0.47 and RMSE 9.34 VWC%, and for the latter <fi>R</fi> 2 = 0.01 and RMSE 15.29 CV%. Results were similar across the modelling methods, demonstrating a consistent pattern. Soil moisture and its temporal variation showed strong heterogeneity over short distances; therefore, soil moisture modelling benefits from high‐resolution predictors, such as LiDAR based variables. In the soil moisture models, the strongest predictor was SAGA (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses) wetness index (SWI), based on a 1?m 2 digital te </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> >土壤水分对地面表面过程具有明显的影响。全球土壤水分受到气候的强烈推动，而在更精细的尺度上，非气候司机的作用变得更加重要。我们通过利用高分辨率光检测和测距（LIDAR）数据和广泛的现场调查，为土壤和陆地表面特性的意义提供了洞察土壤和陆地表面性能的重要性。该数据包括1200个研究情节，位于芬兰西北部山苔原高纬度景观中。我们在2016年生长季节的曲线中测量了三次的图，具有手持式时域反射测量传感器。为了模拟土壤湿度及其时间变化，我们使用了四种统计建模方法：广义线性模型，广义添加剂模型，提升回归树和随机林。土壤湿度模型的模型拟合是<fi> R </ fi> 2 </ sup> = 0.60，并且平均均为8.04 vwc％，而时间变化模型显示较低的合适<fi> r </ fi> 2 </ sup> = 0.25和Rmse 13.11 CV％。前者的预测性能为<fi> R </ fi> 2 </ sup> = 0.47和Rmse 9.34 Vwc％，以及后者<fi> R </ fi> 2 </ sup > = 0.01和RMSE 15.29 CV％。结果在模型方法中具有相似，展示了一致的模式。土壤水分及其时间变化显示出短距离的异质性;因此，土壤水分造型从高分辨率预测器的益处，如激光雷达的基于变量。在土壤湿度模型中，最强的预测因子是SAGA（自动化地球科学分析系统）湿度指数（SWI），基于1？M <SUP> 2 </ SUP>数字TE </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-22319/'>《Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第5期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共13页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Kemppinen Julia&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Kemppinen Julia;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Niittynen Pekka&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Niittynen Pekka;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Riihim?ki Henri&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Riihim?ki Henri;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Luoto Miska&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Luoto Miska;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki Finland;</p> <p>Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki Finland;</p> <p>Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki Finland;</p> <p>Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki Finland;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/163.html" title="地球物理学">地球物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=soil wetness&option=203" rel="nofollow">soil wetness;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=tundra&option=203" rel="nofollow">tundra;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=LiDAR&option=203" rel="nofollow">LiDAR;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=SAGA wetness index (SWI)&option=203" rel="nofollow">SAGA wetness index (SWI);</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=spatial modelling&option=203" rel="nofollow">spatial modelling;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：土壤湿度;苔原;潮羊达;传奇湿度指数（SWI）;空间建模; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023139251.html">Modelling soil moisture in a high‐latitude landscape using LiDAR and soil data</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Kemppinen Julia&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Kemppinen Julia,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Niittynen Pekka&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Niittynen Pekka,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Riihim?ki Henri&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Riihim?ki Henri,</a> <a href="/journal-foreign-22319/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group .</a> <span>2018</span><span>,第5期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：利用LIDAR和土壤数据在高纬度景观中建模土壤水分</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704014408018.html">Initializing numerical weather prediction models with satellite-derived surface soil moisture: Data assimilation experiments with ECMWF's Integrated Forecast System and the TMI soil moisture data set</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=M. Drusch&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">M. Drusch </a> <a href="/journal-foreign-34649/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">Journal of Geophysical Research, D. Atmospheres: JGR .</a> <span>2007</span><span>,第d3期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：使用卫星衍生的地表土壤湿度初始化数值天气预报模型：使用ECMWF的综合预报系统和TMI土壤湿度数据集进行数据同化实验</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-foreign_detail_thesis/0204115549186.html">Soil-frost-enabled soil-moisture–precipitation feedback over northern high latitudes</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Stefan Hagemann1&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Stefan Hagemann1,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Tanja Blome1&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Tanja Blome1,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Altug Ekici2&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Altug Ekici2,</a> <a href="/journal-foreign-22321/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">Earth System Dynamics Discussions .</a> <span>2016</span><span>,第3期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：北部高纬度地区基于土壤霜冻的土壤水分-降水反馈</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-conference-foreign_meeting-278861_thesis/0705013261670.html">Soil Moisture from Metop ASCAT Data at High Latitudes</a> <b>[C]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Annett Bartsch&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Annett Bartsch,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Thomas Melzer&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Thomas Melzer,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Kirsten Elger&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Kirsten Elger,</a> <a href="/conference-foreign-278861/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">International Conference on Permafrost .</a> <span>2012</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：高纬度地区的媒体ASCAT数据的土壤水分</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-degree-foreign_mphd_thesis/02061662164.html">Ecological land classification and soil moisture modelling in the boreal forest using LiDAR remote sensing</a> <b>[D] </b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Southee, Florence Margaret&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Southee, Florence Margaret </a> <span>2011</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：利用LiDAR遥感的北方森林生态土地分类与土壤水分模拟。</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>6. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-foreign-pmc_elsevier-sponsored-documents_thesis/040004931477.html">Evaluation of the predicted error of the soil moisture retrieval from C-band SAR by comparison against modelled soil moisture estimates over Australia</a> <b>[O] </b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Marcela Doubková&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Marcela Doubková,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Albert I.J.M. Van Dijk&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Albert I.J.M. Van Dijk,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Daniel Sabel&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Daniel Sabel,</a> <span>-1</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：通过与澳大利亚的模型土壤湿度估算值进行比较评估从C波段SAR取回土壤水分的预测误差</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>7. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/open-access_resources_thesis/01000124712516.html">Modelling soil moisture in a high-latitude landscape using LiDAR and soil data</a> <b>[O] </b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Julia Kemppinen&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Julia Kemppinen,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Pekka Niittynen&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Pekka Niittynen,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Henri Riihimäki&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Henri Riihimäki,</a> <span>2017</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：利用激光雷达和土壤数据建模土壤水分在高纬度景观中</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>8. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/ntis-science-report_pb_thesis/020711343510.html">The Soil Moisture Databank: Moisture Content Data From Some British Soils</a> <b>[R] </b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Gardner, C. M. K.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Gardner, C. M. K. </a> <span>1981</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：土壤水分数据库：来自一些英国土壤的含水量数据</span> </p> </li> </ul> <ul style="display: none;"> <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_transactions-chinese-society-agricultural-engineering_thesis/0201258005799.html">利用多时相Sentinel-1 SAR数据反演农田地表土壤水分</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=何连&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 何连</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=秦其明&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,秦其明</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=任华忠&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,任华忠</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-6826/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 农业工程学报 </a> </span> <span> . 2016</span><span>,第003期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_journal-anhui-agricultural-sciences_thesis/020122219318.html">利用MODIS数据监测大面积土壤水分与农作物旱情研究</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=黄泽林&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 黄泽林</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=覃志豪&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,覃志豪</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-7281/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 安徽农业科学 </a> </span> <span> . 2008</span><span>,第011期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_north-natural-resources_thesis/0201290975578.html">基于landsat8遥感数据在地表土壤水分反演中的初步应用</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=李玉清&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 李玉清</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-55728/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 华北自然资源 </a> </span> <span> . 2021</span><span>,第005期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_acta-pedologica-sinica_thesis/0201257098896.html">ERS卫星反演数据在黄土高原近地表土壤水分中的应用研究</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=焦俏&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 焦俏</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=王飞&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,王飞</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=李锐&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,李锐</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-6780/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 土壤学报 </a> </span> <span> . 2014</span><span>,第006期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_meteorological-hydrological-marine-instruments_thesis/0201254110965.html">自动土壤水分数据质量控制中的阈值确定</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=胡伟&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 胡伟</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=熊凌云&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,熊凌云</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=熊雄&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,熊雄</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-5003/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 气象水文海洋仪器 </a> </span> <span> . 2012</span><span>,第003期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>6. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-conference-cn_meeting-14822_thesis/020221247005.html">利用多时相ASAR数据反演黑河流域中游地表土壤水分</a> <b>[C]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=王树果&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 王树果</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=李新&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,李新</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=韩旭军&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,韩旭军</a> <span> <a href="/conference-cn-14822/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 甘肃省遥感学会2009年学术会议 </a> <span> <span> . 2009</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>7. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-degree-domestic_mphd_thesis/02031312292.html">复合农林系统中的土壤水分利用研究</a> <b>[A] </b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=赵华春&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 赵华春</a> <span> . 2002</span> </span> </div> </li> </ul> <ul style="display: none;"> <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06120814352.html">多点土壤水分传感器及利用其进行土壤水分测量的方法</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 中国专利： CN101694475B </span> <span> . 2011.08.10</span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06120105873836.html">多点土壤水分传感器及利用其进行土壤水分测量的方法</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 中国专利： CN101694475A </span> <span> . 2010-04-14</span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130431190701.html">Soil moisture analyzer, soil moisture analysis method, soil moisture analysis program and tank model generation method</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  JP4349981B2 </span> <span> . 2009-10-21</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：土壤水分分析仪，土壤水分分析方法，土壤水分分析程序和储罐模型生成方法 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130472396608.html">Electrical sensor for measuring moisture in landscape and agricultural soils</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  US4531087A </span> <span> . 1985-07-23</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：电气传感器，用于测量景观和农业土壤中的水分 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130438561331.html">Soil measuring device, recording medium and soil model database management system was recorded recording medium and data were recorded soil measurement assisting device and method and program</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  JP3831249B2 </span> <span> . 2006-10-11</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：记录了土壤测量装置，记录介质和土壤模型数据库管理系统的记录介质和数据，记录了土壤测量辅助装置，方法和程序 </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme cardcommon" style="overflow: auto;display:none"> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent55">相关主题</h3> <ul id="subject"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right rightcon"> <div class="details_img cardcommon clearfix" style="margin-bottom: 10px;display:none;" > </div> </div> </div> <div id="thesis_get_original1" class="downloadBth" style="bottom: 19px;z-index: 999;" onclick="ywcd('0704023139251','4',7,2,1,'',this,24)" class="delivery" prompt="010401" title="通过人工服务将文献原文发送至邮箱" >获取原文</div> <div class="journalsub-pop-up" style="display: none"> <div class="journal-sub"> <h2>期刊订阅</h2> <img src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/img/loginclose.png" alt="关闭" onclick="$('.journalsub-pop-up').hide()"> <p class="pardon">抱歉，该期刊暂不可订阅，敬请期待！</p> <p class="current">目前支持订阅全部北京大学中文核心（2020）期刊目录。</p> <div style="display: flex;margin-top: 69px;justify-content: space-between;"> <div class="no-sub" onclick="$('.journalsub-pop-up').hide()">暂不订阅</div> <div class="other-sub" onclick="continueSub('from=pc-detail')">继续订阅其他期刊</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right_btn"> <ul> <li class="gouwuche">  </li> <li class="yijian"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="link_analysis('/mycenter/auth/complaint.html',this)" title="意见反馈">意见反馈</a> </li> <li class="top"> <a href="javascript:scrollTo(0,0);" title="回到顶部">回到顶部</a> </li> <li class="shouye"> <a href="/" title="首页">回到首页</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="xllindexfooter"> <div class="xllindexfootercenter"> <div class="xllindexfooterleft left" > <div class="xllindexfooterleftli"> <ul> <li><a href="/about.html" title="关于掌桥">关于掌桥</a></li> <li><a href="/help/helpmap.html" title="资源导航">资源导航</a></li> <li><a href="/help/helpguide.html" title="新手指南">新手指南</a></li> <li><a href="/help/helpcenter.html" title="常见问题">常见问题</a></li> <li><a href="/sitemap.html" title="网站地图">网站地图</a></li> <li><a href="/help/helpcenter.html?type=9" title="版权声明">版权声明</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="xllindexfooterleft"> <p class="xllindexfooterlefteamil">客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com</p> <div class="xllindexfooterlefttcp"> <div class="xllindexfooterpoliceiimg"></div> <div class="xllindexfooterpoliceispan"> <span>京公网安备：11010802029741号 </span> <span>ICP备案号：<a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="ICP备案号">京ICP备15016152号-6</a></span> <span>六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="xllindexfooterright left"> <ul> <li> <p style="font-weight: bold;">客服微信</p> <div></div> </li> <li> <p style="font-weight: bold;">服务号</p> <div></div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <span id="0704023139251down" data-source="7," data-out-id="lvehN3sJgaGnOictD9wpxQ==," data-f-source-id="7" data-title="Modelling soil moisture in a high‐latitude landscape using LiDAR and soil data" data-price="20" data-site-name="" data-transnum="24" style="display:none;"></span> <input type="hidden" value="4" id="sourcetype"> <input type="hidden" value="22319" id="journalid"> <input type="hidden" value="1" id="inyn_provide_service_level"> <input type="hidden" value="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com" id="imgcdn"> <input type="hidden" value="1" id="isdeatail"> <input type="hidden" value="" id="syyn_indexed_database"> <input type="hidden" value="" id="servicetype"> <input type="hidden" id="pagename" value="Modelling soil moisture in a high‐latitude landscape using LiDAR and soil data"/> <input type="hidden" value="thesis_get_original" id="pageIdentification"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/lwlh_ajax.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/zq.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/common.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/jquery.cookie.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/top.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/tip.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/login.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/down.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/search.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/newmail.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/searchtype.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/user/regist.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/zxs_solor/detail.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/statistics/static/pagecollection.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/tj.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/sse.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/pushbaidu.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/common/history.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/util/cookie.js?v=5.7.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/js/weipu/weipu.js?v=5.7.8"></script> </body> <script> $(function(){ var weiPuStatus = getCookie('WeiPuStatus'); if(weiPuStatus){ tipWeiPuStatus(weiPuStatus); delCookie('WeiPuStatus'); } getFacetKeywordVoInId(); var sourcetype = $("#sourcetype").val(); var inyn_provide_service_level = $("#inyn_provide_service_level").val(); if((sourcetype ==1||sourcetype==4)&&inyn_provide_service_level!=4){ getJournal(); } }) </script> </html>