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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >A fundamental equation for describing the rate of bedrock erosion by sediment-laden fluid flows in fluvial, coastal, and aeolian environments
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A fundamental equation for describing the rate of bedrock erosion by sediment-laden fluid flows in fluvial, coastal, and aeolian environments

机译：一种基本方程，用于描述河流，沿海和Aeolian环境中沉积物沉积物流体流动的基岩侵蚀速度

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摘要

A major physical process shaping bedrock landforms in fluvial, coastal, and aeolian environments is abrasion by sediment-carrying fluid flows. A unifying formula to describe the rate of abrasion occurring in these environments has not been presented, the exploration of which is the purpose of this study. Considering the threshold concept the formulation is made including erosivity of fluid flows and erodibility of bedrock. The formula is described as d Gamma/dt = C [(F-A/F-R) - 1], where Gamma is the amount of erosion, i.e. eroded length (distance), volume, mass, or weight, t is the time, d Gamma/dt is the erosion rate, F-A (= A x [fluid force]) is the assailing force of sediment-laden fluid flows used as an index of the flow erosivity, F-R (= B x [bedrock strength]) is the resisting force representing the bedrock erodibility, C is a coefficient with the same unit as that of d Gamma/dt, and A and B are dimensionless coefficients. The equation is confirmed by existing laboratory abrasion data and its applicability is examined using existing laboratory data of fluvial and aeolian abrasion experiments and field data from a coastal area. Examinations applying fluvial and aeolian abrasion data indicate that the coefficient C is found to represent the amount of sediment working as abrasives in fluid flows and the hardness of sediment relative to bedrock; and A is presented to reflect the particle size of the sediment. The coefficient B is a conversion factor from conventional mechanical strength of rocks to the resisting force. Selecting appropriate physical quantities for F-A and F-R enables the application of this equation to abrasion studies on various landforms in these environments. (c) 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：在河流，沿海和风中环境中塑造基岩地貌的主要物理过程是沉积物的流体流动的磨损。尚未提出描述在这些环境中发生的磨损率的统一公式，探索这项研究的目的。考虑到阈值概念，制定的制剂包括流体流动的腐蚀性和基岩的易用性。该公式被描述为Dγ/ dt = C [（FA / FR） - 1]，其中γ是腐蚀量，即腐蚀的长度（距离），体积，质量或重量，T是时间，D伽马/ dt是侵蚀速率，fa（= x [流体力]）是沉积物的沉积物流体流量用作流动腐蚀性的指数，fr（= b x [基岩强度]）是抗力代表基岩蚀刻性，C是具有与D伽马/ dT的单位相同的系数，A和B是无量纲系数。通过现有的实验室磨损数据确认等式，使用来自河沿海地区的现有实验室数据和现场数据的现有实验室数据来检查其适用性。应用河流和风寒数据的考试表明系数C被发现代表作为流体流动中的磨料和相对于基岩的沉积物硬度工作的沉积物量。提出了反映沉积物的粒度。系数B是来自岩石的传统机械强度的转换因子到抗力。为F-A和F-R选择适当的物理量使得该方程的应用能够对这些环境中的各种地形的磨损研究。 （c）2018 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd。

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