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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Morphological evolution of a barchan dune migrating past an offshore wind farm foundation
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Morphological evolution of a barchan dune migrating past an offshore wind farm foundation

机译：Barchan Dune的形态演变在海上风农场迁移过去

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摘要

As the number of manmade structures installed on the seafloor is increasing rapidly, we seek to understand the impact of these immobile obstacles on marine geomorphological processes, such as the evolution of bedforms. A 5.8 m diameter monopile foundation was installed at the case study offshore windfarm approximately 30 m ahead of an approaching barchan (crescent-shaped) dune. The impact of the monopile on the dune's evolution was analysed using six multibeam bathymetry surveys spanning 20 years. To substantiate this analysis, coupled three-dimensional numerical modelling of flows and sediment was conducted in which the scour inducing bed shear stresses were calculated from the modelled turbulent kinetic energy. Following the installation of the monopile, the mid-section of the dune accelerated and stretched in the direction of the wake of the monopile. Four years after the monopile's installation the rest of the dune had caught up, flattening out the slip face within half the dune's length downstream of the monopile. Due to the modified flow field, the dune was scoured deeply at the base of the monopile to a depth of 6.8 m (supported by the model results that predicted a scour depth exceeding 2 m over a period of just a few days). The surveyed volume of material scoured amounted to 8% of the total dune volume. Whilst the process of scouring occurs at a timescale of days to weeks, the dune migrated on average by 25 m/yr. The difference in the timescale of the two processes allowed the scouring to occur through the full thickness of the dune. The scoured dune profile recovered rapidly once the dune migrated downstream of the monopile. This article demonstrates how large geomorphological features can intercept and migrate past a monopile foundation without long-lasting impacts on the integrity of the feature or the foundation. (c) 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：随着海底安装在海底上的人造结构的数量正在迅速增加，我们寻求了解这些不动障碍对海洋地貌过程的影响，例如朝向叶形的演变。在案例上安装了5.8米直径的纪用基础，在近海风线上安装了大约30米，前面的Barchan（新月形）沙丘。使用跨越20年的六个多阵线沐浴疗法调查分析了单披露对沙丘演变的影响。为了证实该分析，进行了流动和沉积物的耦合三维数值建模，其中从模型的湍流动能计算了冲刷诱导床剪切应力。在安装单披露之后，沙丘的中间部分加速并沿单披露尾部的方向拉伸。纪了油的安装后四年后，沙丘的其余部分已经赶上了，在沙丘下游在纪念碑下游的一半之内。由于改进的流场，沙丘深入地在纪了油的底部擦洗到6.8米的深度（通过模型结果支持，这些结果预测在几天内超过2米的冲刷深度超过2米）。调查的材料体积污染量的8％占全沙丘体积的8％。虽然冲洗过程发生在几天至周的时间，但是，沙丘平均迁移25米/年。两种过程的时间尺度的差异允许穿过沙丘的全厚度发生。一旦沙丘迁移在单一披露的下游，彻底的沙丘档案迅速恢复。本文展示了大型地貌特征如何拦截和迁移过去一个单一的基础，而不会对特征的完整性或基础的长期影响。 （c）2020 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd。

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