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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental science & policy >Perceived adaptive capacity within a multi-level governance setting: The role of bonding, bridging, and linking social capital
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Perceived adaptive capacity within a multi-level governance setting: The role of bonding, bridging, and linking social capital

机译：在多级治理环境中感知自适应能力：粘接，桥接和联系社会资本的作用

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In 2012 Sweden implemented a collaborative governance regime for managing moose (Alces aloes). This was guided by the awareness that decentralization and stakeholder participation can help to reduce conflicts, foster systematic learning, and handle complexity. However, previous research has highlighted that there are no blueprint approaches to the governance and management of natural resources. In this case, diverse multi-use landscapes, ever-changing ungulate populations, and other external stressors (e.g. climate change, wildlife diseases) can create challenges for collaborative institutions. Adaptive capacity is therefore needed as it allows a system and the actors involved to react successfully to social-ecological changes and to develop even in times of no imminent change or risk. Using Swedish moose management as an example of a multi-level governance system, this research assesses the critical determinants of adaptive capacity across levels. We developed and applied a psychometric approach to measure actors' perceived adaptive capacity on two levels in the management system. A web-based survey was sent to Moose Management Groups (n = 765, response rate = 81 %) and Moose Management Units (n = 1,380, response rate = 71 %). Using structural equation modelling, we assessed the relative importance of governance aspects, different types of social capital, as well as human and financial capital on actors' perceived adaptive capacity. Linking and bridging social capital in the system had significant impacts on both levels. Actors felt more prepared to handle future challenges in moose management when they perceived benefits through collaborations with levels below and expressed social trust in authorities and the management level above. Besides those similarities between the two levels, fairness was a more important determinant of actors' perceived adaptive capacity on the lower management level. These results can contribute to a future improvement of the collaborative governance setting by finessing strategic interventions on different levels. Furthermore, our results illustrate the importance of scale when assessing the adaptive capacity of a system.
机译：2012年，瑞典为管理驼鹿（Alces Aloes）实施了一项合作治理制度。这是指指导的是，权力下放和利益攸关方参与可以帮助减少冲突，促进系统学习和处理复杂性的认识。然而，以前的研究强调，对自然资源的治理和管理没有蓝图方法。在这种情况下，多样化的多用风景，不断变化的悬雍垂群体和其他外部压力源（例如气候变化，野生动物疾病）可以为协作机构产生挑战。因此，需要自适应容量，因为它允许系统和涉及成功反应的系统和演员以社会生态变化，即使在没有即将发生的变化或风险时也会发展。使用瑞典驼鹿管理作为多级治理系统的示例，该研究评估了跨越级别的适应能力的关键决定因素。我们开发并应用了一种衡量管理系统中两个级别的演员的自适应的心理学方法。将基于网络的调查发送到驼鹿管理组（n = 765，响应率= 81％）和驼鹿管理单位（n = 1,380，响应率= 71％）。采用结构方程式建模，我们评估了治理方面，不同类型的社会资本以及人类和金融资本对演员的感知的适应性能力的相对重要性。系统中的联系和桥接社会资本对两个层面产生了重大影响。当他们通过下面水平的合作感知莫斯管理时，演员觉得更准备好处理莫斯管理中的未来挑战，并在当局和上述管理层面表示社会信任和管理水平。除了两级之间的相似之处，公平性是参与者在较低管理水平上感知的适应能力的更重要决定因素。这些结果可以通过对不同层次的战略干预措施进行战略干预措施来促进协作治理环境的未来改善。此外，我们的结果说明了评估系统的自适应容量时比例的重要性。

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