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首页> 外文期刊>Estuaries and coasts >Marsh Plants Enhance Coastal Marsh Resilience by Changing Sediment Oxygen and Sulfide Concentrations in an Urban, Eutrophic Estuary
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Marsh Plants Enhance Coastal Marsh Resilience by Changing Sediment Oxygen and Sulfide Concentrations in an Urban, Eutrophic Estuary

机译：沼泽植物通过在城市，富营养的河口中改变沉积物氧和硫化物浓度来增强沿海沼泽恢复力

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摘要

Despite considerable efforts to restore coastal wetlands, the ecological mechanisms contributing to the success or failure of restoration are rarely assessed. Accumulation of hydrogen sulfide in sediments may accelerate rates of marsh loss in eutrophic estuaries and is likely driven by complex feedbacks between wetland plant growth and microbial redox reactions. We used a chronosequence of restored marshes in urbanized and eutrophic Jamaica Bay (New York City, USA) to assess how sediment redox conditions change among seasons and over the lifetime of restored marshes. We also compared a stable extant marsh to one that has deteriorated over the past 50 years. We collected seasonal sediment cores from each marsh, and used a motorized microprofiling system to measure the vertical distribution of oxygen and sulfide. We fit a logistic function to each profile to estimate (1) maximum concentrations, (2) rates of increase/decline, and (3) depths of maximum increase/decline. We quantified sediment density, porosity, organic content, and belowground plant biomass, and estimated differences in daily tidal inundation among sites using water-level loggers. We found that minimum oxygen and maximum sulfide concentrations occur during summer. Sulfide concentrations were highest in sites that experienced the longest daily tidal inundation, including the degraded extant marsh and the oldest restored marsh. Spatial patterns in oxygen and sulfide were related to belowground plant biomass, supporting our hypothesis that root growth increases sediment oxygen and partially alleviates sulfide stress. Our data support the growing body of evidence that belowground plant growth may enhance the resilience of marshes to sea-level rise by increasing marsh elevation and facilitating oxygen diffusion into marsh sediments.
机译：尽管恢复了沿海湿地的大量努力，很少评估促进恢复成功或恢复失败的生态机制。沉积物中硫化氢的积累可以加速富营养化河口的沼泽损失率，并且可能受到湿地植物生长和微生物氧化还原反应之间的复杂反馈的驱动。我们在城市化和Euterophic牙买加湾（美国纽约市）的恢复沼泽的一致性级数，以评估沉积物氧化还原条件如何在季节和恢复沼泽的一生中发生变化。我们还将一个稳定的现存沼泽与过去50年恶化的人进行比较。我们从每个沼泽中收集季节性沉积物核心，并使用电动微生陶器系统来测量氧气和硫化物的垂直分布。我们适合每个档案的逻辑功能来估计（1）最大浓度，（2）增加/下降的率，（3）最大增加/下降的深度。我们量化了沉积物密度，孔隙率，有机含量和地下植物生物质，以及使用水位记录器的场地日常洪水的估计差异。我们发现夏季发生最小氧气和最大硫化物浓度。硫化物浓度在经历了最长的日常洪水的场地中最高，包括降级的现存沼泽和最古老的恢复沼泽。氧气和硫化物中的空间模式与地下植物生物质有关，支持我们的假设，即根生长增加沉积物氧，部分减轻硫化物胁迫。我们的数据支持越来越多的证据，即地下植物增长可能通过增加沼泽升降并促进氧气扩散进入沼泽沉积物来增强沼泽对海平面的恢复性。

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