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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Prey colour biases in jumping spiders (Habronattus brunneus) differ across populations
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Prey colour biases in jumping spiders (Habronattus brunneus) differ across populations

机译：跳跃蜘蛛（Habronattus Brunneus）的猎物颜色偏见在人口中不同

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Predators often avoid aposematic prey as a result of aversions to particular prey signals (e.g., bright colours and noxious odours). These aversions may be flexible, that is, they can be reinforced or extinguished with experience. As such, we might expect populations to differ in their biases against certain prey characteristics (e.g., colour or pattern) depending on the prey available in the community. Here, we tested whether the jumping spider, Habronattus brunneus(Salticidae), exhibits colour biases against red prey using choice tests with novel (artificially coloured) prey, and then went on to examine how these biases differ across four geographically distinct focal populations. We then conducted preliminary field surveys at each of these four sites to explore differences in habitat type and prey availability. Overall, we found that field-caught H. brunneusexhibited a bias against the colour red (compared with black) when tested with artificially coloured prey in the laboratory. However, the degree of colour bias varied among our four focal populations (with two populations exhibiting strong biases against red and two showing no colour biases). Preliminary habitat and prey surveys suggest that these populations also differed in both habitat structure (percentage of grass, leaf litter and bare ground) and prey availability across many taxa, suggesting that the spiders from each population may have been exposed to, and had experiences with, different potential prey. We discuss how prey availability may influence colour biases in predators, as well as how predator experience may shape the evolution of prey colour signals.
机译：捕食者通常会避免以特定猎物信号（例如，鲜艳的颜色和有害气味）的副词来避免主动猎物。这些厌恶可能是灵活的，也就是说，它们可以加强或熄灭经验。因此，根据社区中可用的猎物，我们可能希望群体对某些猎物特征（例如，颜色或图案）不同的偏见。在这里，我们测试了跳跃的蜘蛛，哈拿尼斯（Salticidae）（Salticidae），使用小说（人工彩色）猎物的选择试验表现出针对红色猎物的颜色偏见，然后继续检查这些偏差如何在四个地理上不同的焦点群体中不同。然后，我们在这四个站点中的每一个进行了初步田间调查，以探索栖息地类型和猎物可用性的差异。总的来说，我们发现现场捕获的H.在实验室中的人工色的猎物测试时，对抗颜色红色（与黑色相比）的偏差。然而，我们的四个焦点群体中的颜色偏差变化（具有两个呈现强烈偏见的群体和两个显示没有颜色偏差）。初步栖息地和猎物调查表明，这些人群也含有栖息地结构（草，叶窝和裸露的百分比）和许多分类群的猎物可用性，这表明每个人口的蜘蛛可能已经暴露在一起，并且有经验，不同的潜在猎物。我们讨论捕食性可用性如何影响捕食者中的颜色偏差，以及捕食者体验如何塑造猎物颜色信号的演变。

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