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Research on routing optimization of WSNs based on improved LEACH protocol

机译：基于改进的LEACH协议的WSN路由优化研究

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摘要

LEACH routing protocol equalizes the energy consumption of the network by randomly selecting cluster head nodes in a loop, which will lead to the defect of unstable network operation. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption of data transmission in the routing protocol and increase the network life cycle. However, there is also a problem that cluster heads count with a wide range and the cluster head forwarding data consumed greatly power in the LEACH, which remains to be solved. In this paper, we put forward an approach to optimize the routing protocol. Firstly, the optimal number of cluster head is calculated according to the overall energy consumption per round to reduce the probability of excessive cluster head distribution. Then, the cluster head is used as the core to construct the Voronoi Diagram. The nodes in the same Voronoi diagram become a cluster, that the energy consumption communication in intra-cluster would be less. Finally, in order to optimize the multi-hop routing protocol, an ant colony algorithm is added using a cluster head near the BS to receive and forward it from a remote cluster head. According to the MATLAB simulation data, the protocol can significantly prolong the lifetime of WSNs compared with the LEACH protocol and increase the energy efficiency per unit node in per round. Energy consumption of the proposed approach is only. The approach improved the First Node Death (FND) time by 127%, 22.2%, and 14.5% over LEACH, LEACH-C, and SEP, respectively.
机译：Leach Routing协议通过随机选择循环中的群集头节点来平衡网络的能量消耗，这将导致不稳定网络操作的缺陷。因此，为了解决这个问题，有必要降低路由协议中数据传输的能量消耗，并增加网络生命周期。然而，还存在一个问题，即群集头部数量宽范围，簇头转发数据在lech中消耗大量电力，这仍然待解决。在本文中，我们提出了一种优化路由协议的方法。首先，根据每轮整体能耗计算簇头的最佳数量，以降低群集头部分布的概率。然后，群集头用作构建voronoi图的核心。同一voronoi图中的节点成为群集，内部集群中的能量消耗通信将较少。最后，为了优化多跳路由协议，使用BS附近的簇头添加蚁群算法以从远程簇头接收和转发它。根据MATLAB仿真数据，与浸出协议相比，协议可以显着延长WSN的寿命，并在每轮中每个单位节点的能量效率提高。所提出的方法的能量消耗仅限。该方法分别将第一个节点死亡（FND）时间改善了127％，22.2％和14.5％的浸出，LEACH-C和SEP。

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