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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of pharmaceutical sciences >Peptide dendrimer-conjugates of ketoprofen: Synthesis and ex vivo and in vivo evaluations of passive diffusion, sonophoresis and iontophoresis for skin delivery
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Peptide dendrimer-conjugates of ketoprofen: Synthesis and ex vivo and in vivo evaluations of passive diffusion, sonophoresis and iontophoresis for skin delivery

机译:酮丙烯的肽Dendimer-缀合物:合成和离体,并在皮肤递送的无源扩散,超声训练和离子电渗灵孔的体内评估

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The aim of this study was to evaluate skin delivery of ketoprofen when covalently tethered to mildly cationic (2(+) or 4(+)) peptide dendrimers prepared wholly by solid phase peptide synthesis. The amino acids glycine, arginine and lysine formed the dendrimer with ketoprofen tethered either to the lysine side-arm (Ns) or periphery of dendrimeric branches. Passive diffusion, sonophoresis- and iontophoresis-assisted permeation of each peptide dendrimer-drug conjugate (D1-D4) was studied across mouse skin, both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, skin toxicity of dendrimeric conjugates when trialed with iontophoresis or sonophoresis was also evaluated. All dendrimeric conjugates improved aqueous solubility at least 5-fold, compared to ketoprofen alone, while also exhibiting appreciable lipophilicity. In vitro passive diffusion studies revealed that ketoprofen in its native form was delivered to a greater extent, compared with,a dendrimer-conjugated form at the end of 24 h (Q(24) (h) (mu g/cm(2)): ketoprofen (68.06 +/- 3.62) > D2 (49.62 +/- 2.92) > D4 (19.20 +/- 0.89) > 01 (6.45 +/- 0.40) > D3 (221 +/- 0.19). However, sonophoresis substantially increased the skin permeation of ketoprofen-dendrimer conjugates in 30 min (Q(30 min) (mu g/cm(2)): D4 (122.19 +/- 7.14) > D2 (66.74 +/- 3.86) > D1 (52.10 +/- 3.22) > D3 (41.66 +/- 322)) although ketoprofen alone again proved superior (Q(30 min): 167.99 +/- 9.11 mu g/cm(2)). Next, application of iontophoresis was trialed and shown to considerably increase permeation of dendrimeric ketoprofen in 6 h (Q(6 h) (mu g/cm(2)): D2 (711.49 +/- 39.14) > D4 (34123 +/- 16.43) > D3 (89.50 +/- 4.99) > D1 (50.91 +/- 2.98), with a Q(6 h) value of 96.60 +/- 5.12 mu g/cm(2) for ketoprofen alone). In vivo studies indicated that therapeutically relevant concentrations of ketoprofen could be delivered transdermally when iontophoresis was paired with D2 (985.49 +/- 43.25 ng/mL). Further, histopathological analysis showed that the dendrimeric approach was a safe mode as ketoprofen alone. The present study successfully demonstrates that peptide dendrimer conjugates of ketoprofen, when combined with non-invasive modalities, such as iontophoresis can enhance skin permeation with clinically relevant concentrations achieved transdermally. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:本研究的目的是在通过固相肽合成全部制备的温和阳离子(2(+)或4(+)或4(+))肽树枝状烷基中,评估酮洛芬的皮肤递送。氨基酸甘氨酸,精氨酸和赖氨酸形成与酮丁香的树枝状聚合物,其呈赖氨酸侧臂(NS)或树枝状树枝的周边。在体外和体内,在小鼠皮肤上研究了每种肽树枝状蛋白 - 药物缀合物(D1-D4)的被动扩散,超声营养学和离子电渗疗法辅助渗透(D1-D4)。此外,还评估了用离子电渗疗法或儿童抚养孔试验时树枝状缀合物的皮肤毒性。除了单独的酮丁烯相比,所有树枝状缀合物至少改善了至少5倍的水溶性,同时也表现出可观的亲脂性。在体外被动扩散研究表明,在24小时结束时,将其天然形式的酮旋芬在其天然形式中递送至更大程度(Q(24)(H)(mu g / cm(2))) :Ketoprofen(68.06 +/- 3.62)> D2(49.62 +/- 2.92)> D4(19.20 +/- 0.89)> 01(6.45 +/- 0.40)> D3(221 +/- 0.19)。但是,超声素基本上在30分钟内增加了酮洛芬 - 树枝状蛋白缀合物的皮肤渗透(Q(30分钟)(mu g / cm(2)):d4(122.19 +/- 7.14)> d2(66.74 +/- 3.86)> d1(52.10 + / - 3.22)> D3(41.66 +/- 322))虽然单独酮丁​​烯再次被证明是优越的(Q(30分钟):167.99 +/-9.11μg/ cm(2))。接下来,试验离子电渗疗法的应用并显示在6h(Q(6 h)(mu g / cm(2))中相当增加树枝状酮酮渗透的渗透:d2(711.49 +/- 39.14)> d4(34123 +/- 16.43)> d3(89.50 +/- 4.99)> D1(50.91 +/- 2.98),Q(6小时)值仅为酮丁芬的Q(6小时)值为96.60 +/-5.12μg/ cm(2)。在体内研究表明治疗相关的浓度当离子电渗疗法与D2(985.49 +/- 43.25ng / ml)配对时,酮丙烯的偶然可以透皮递送。此外,组织病理学分析表明,单独的树枝状致法是一种安全模式,单独为酮丙烯。本研究成功地证明了酮丙烯与非侵入式型号(例如离子电渗疗法)组合时的肽树枝状蛋白缀合物可以通过透皮诊断的临床相关浓度来增强皮肤渗透。 (c)2017 Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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